Endoparasite Infections in Pet and Zoo Birds in Italy
Table 2
Orders, scientific names, common names, numbers examined, positive numbers, and intestinal parasites found in zoo birds.
Order
Scientific name
Common name
No. examined
No. positive
Parasites
Anseriformes
Anas crecca
Common Teal
1*
0
Anser albifrons
Greater White-fronted Goose
1*
1
Strongyles-Capillarids
Anser cygnoides
Swan Goose
1*
1
Strongyles-Capillarids
Anser indicus
Bar-headed Goose
1
1
Strongyles-Capillarids
Brantacanadensis
Canada Goose
1*
1
Strongyles-Capillarids
Cereopsis novaehollandiae
Cape Barren Goose
2 (1*)
2
Strongyles-Capillarids
Coscoroba coscoroba
Coscoroba Swan
2 (1*)
2
Strongyles-Capillarids
Cygnus atratus
Black Swan
1*
0
Netta rufina
Red-crested Pochard
1
0
Casuariiformes
Dromaius novaehollandiae
Emu
2*
2
Coccidia
Ciconiiformes
Egretta garzetta
Little Egret
2 (1*)
1
Strongyles
Eudocimus ruber
Scarlet Ibis
4 (2*)
2
Strongyles
Ciconia ciconia
White Stork
4 (1*)
2
Porrocaecum
Nycticorax nycticorax
Black-crowned Night-heron
2 (1*)
1
Strongyles
Threskiornis aethiopicus
Sacred Ibis
3 (1*)
2
Porrocaecum
Coraciiformes
Dacelo novaeguineae
Laughing Kookaburra
2 (1*)
0
Falconiformes
Parabuteo unicinctus
Harris’s Hawk
1*
0
Galliformes
Lophura swinhoii
Swinhoe's Pheasant
1*
0
Pavo cristatus
Peafowl
10 (7*)
5
Strongyles-Capillarids
Gruiformes
Anthropoides virgo
Demoiselle Crane
1*
1
Porrocaecum-Capillarids
Balearica regulorum
Grey Crowned Crane
2
2
Porrocaecum-Capillarids
Passeriformes
Corvus monedula
Jackdaw
1*
1
Strongyles
Pelecaniformes
Pelecanus onocrotalus
Great White Pelican
3*
0
Phalacrocorax carbo
Great Cormorant
2
0
Psittaciformes
Amazona aestiva
Blue-fronted Amazon
6 (5*)
2
G. duodenalis Ass# A (1), Cryptosporidium sp (1)
Amazona ochrocephala
Yellow-crowned Amazon
2
0
Ara ararauna
Blue-and-yellow Macaw
4*
1
G. duodenalis Ass A
Ara chloroptera
Green-winked Macaw
2 (1*)
0
Ara macao
Scarlet Macaw
2 (1*)
2
Strongyles (1), G. duodenalis AssA (1)
Aratinga leucophthalmus
White-eyed Conure
2 (1*)
0
Nymphicus hollandicus
Cockatiel
2 (1*)
0
Platycercus eximius
Eastern Rosella
1*
1
Cryptosporidium sp
Psittacula eupatria
Alexandrine Parakeet
2*
1
Cryptosporidium sp
Rheiformes
Rhea americana
Greater Rhea
2*
0
Strigiformes
Bubo africanus
Spotted Eagle-owl
1
1
Strongyles
Bubo bengalensis
Indian Eagle-owl
1*
0
Bubo bubo
Eurasian Eagle-owl
3 (2*)
1§
Oxyurids§
Tyto alba
Barn Owl
1*
0
Struthioniformes
Struthio camelus
Ostrich
1
0
Total
83 (52*)
35
*Number of birds examined for Cryptosporidium species and G. duodenalis genotypes; #Assemblage; §Spurious parasites were not included in the total count.