Research Article
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Tinnitus Patients: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis
Table 1
Summary of the 6 studies that were included in the current study.
| Study | Group | | Anode | Cathode | Current, mA | Duration | Number of sessions | Measure | Mean percentage reduction | Percentage responders | Summary |
| Randomized controlled studies |
|
Fregni et al. (2006) [30] | Active, anodal | 7 | LTA | R SO | 1 | 3 min | 2 |
VAS tinnitus reduction scale (0–4) | 30.36% | 42.90% | | Active, cathodal | 7 | R SO | LTA | | 3 min | 2 | 0 | 0 | | Sham | 7 | LTA | R SO | | 5 sec | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Faber et al. (2011) [36] | Active, anode left | 8 | L DLPFC | R DLPFC | 1.5 | 20 min | 3 | VAS intensity, VAS distress | 27.80% | | 8 weeks’ wash-out period between active and sham sessions changes measured directly after tDCS | Active, anode right | 7 | R DLPFC | L DLPFC | 1.5 | 20 min | 3 | 0.00% | NA | Sham | 15 | | | 1.5 | 30 sec | 3 | 4.50% | |
Garin et al. (2011) [37] | Active, anode left | 20 | L LTA | R VLPFC | 1 | 20 min | 1 | VAS tinnitus reduction scale (0–4) | 9.13% | 35% |
2 weeks’ wash-out period between active and sham sessions | Active, anode right | 20 | R VLPFC | L LTA | 1 | 20 min | 1 | | 30% | Sham | 20 | L LTA | R VLPFC | 110 μA | 20 min | 1 | 0 | | | | (or vice versa) | | | | | | |
| Open label studies |
|
Vanneste et al. (2010) [38] | Active, anode left | 448 | L DLPFC | R DLPFC | 1.5 | 20 min | 1 | VAS intensity, VAS distress | 0 | 0.00% | Changes measured directly after tDCS | Active, anode right | 30 | R DLPFC | L DLPFC | | | 1 | 7.95% | 29.90% | Vanneste et al. (2011) [39] | Active, anode right | 45 | R DLPFC | L DLPFC | 1.5 | 20 min | 1 | | 14.00% | 46.67% | changes measured directly after tDCS | Frank et al. (2012) [40] | Active, anode right | 32 | R DLPFC | L DLPFC | 1.5 | 30 min | 6 | THI, TQ, BDI, CGI | NA | 40.63% | |
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S.D.: standard deviation; LTA: left temporal area; SO: supraorbital; min: minutes; sec: seconds; VAS: visual analogue scale; DLPFC: dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; NA: not available; THI: tinnitus handicap inventory; TQ: tinnitus questionnaire; BDI: Beck depression inventory; CGI: clinical global impression scale.
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