Review Article

Blood-Brain Barrier Abnormalities Caused by HIV-1 gp120: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Implications

Figure 8

Injection of SV(gp120) into the CP increased BBB permeability. (a) Cryostat sections of the CP from rats injected with SV(gp120) or a control vector, SV(BUGT), at the level of the striatum, were immunostained for IgG (to evaluate leakage of plasma protein through the BBB) and laminin. Seven days after injection of SV(gp120) into the CP, significantly less laminin-positive structures were seen, particularly in the areas of IgG accumulation, while laminin immunostaining was normal and no IgG leakage was observed after injection of SV(BUGT). (b) Sections of rat CPs injected with SV(gp120) or a control vector, SV(BUGT), were immunostained for HNE, a marker of lipid peroxidation, and RECA-1, a marker of endothelial cells. Immunostaining for HNE was seen in the CPs injected with SV(gp120) and colocalized with RECA-1, while no HNE immunoreactivity was detected in CPs injected with SV(BUGT). (c) Injection of SV(gp120) induced a decrease in the number of laminin-positive structures. (d) Prior gene delivery of antioxidant enzymes into the CP before injection of SV(gp120) decreased the extent of IgG-positive area after intra-CP injection of SV(gp120). Bar: (a) 60 μm; (b) 50 μm.
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