Research Article
Foetal Exposure to Maternal Passive Smoking Is Associated with Childhood Asthma, Allergic Rhinitis, and Eczema
Table 2
Baseline characteristics of participants categorized according to level of foetal exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy.
| | Number of participants | Unexposed (mother did not smoke and mother not exposed to SHS during pregnancy) | Mother did not smoke but exposed to SHS during pregnancy | Mother smoked with/without exposure to SHS during pregnancy | value |
| | | | | |
| | Family history of asthma | | | | | | | Yes | 199 | 123 (2.4%) | 60 (2.8%) | 16 (9.5%) | <0.0001 | | Current parent smoking | | | | | | | Yes | 1989 | 940 (18.4%) | 913 (43.2%) | 136 (81.0%) | <0.0001 | | Perinatal and postnatal problem | | | | | | | Yes | 1044 | 649 (12.7%) | 370 (17.5%) | 25 (14.9%) | <0.0001 | | Highest education level of parents | | | | | <0.0001 | | No and primary | 660 | 451 (8.8%) | 200 (9.5%) | 9 (5.4%) | | Secondary and
matriculation | 5445 | 3709 (72.6%) | 1587 (75.0%) | 149 (88.7%) | | | Teritiary | 1288 | 949 (18.6%) | 329 (15.6%) | 10 (6.0%) | | | Age group, year | | | | | 0.0003 | | 0-1 | 548 | 375 (7.3%) | 151 (7.1%) | 22 (13.0%) | | | 2–5 | 1433 | 952 (18.6%) | 436 (20.6%) | 45 (26.8%) | | | 6–10 | 2755 | 1891 (37.0%) | 804 (38.0%) | 60 (37.1%) | | | 11–14 | 2657 | 1891 (37.0%) | 725 (34.3%) | 41 (24.4%) | | | Sex | | | | | 0.47 | | Female | 3554 | 2470 (48.4%) | 998 (47.2%) | 86 (51.2%) | | | Male | 3839 | 2639 (51.7%) | 1118 (52.8%) | 82 (48.8%) | |
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