Upper Respiratory Tract Colonization by Gram-Negative Rods in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Analysis of Risk Factors

Table 3

The association between Gram-negative rods colonization and selected demographic, clinical or laboratory parameters in CLL patients.

Predictors	No. of patients or mean ± SD		𝑃; OR (95%CI)
	GNR colonized (𝑛=11)	Noncolonized (𝑛=19)
Age	58.2±6.3	59.9±9.8	0.73
Males	2 (18.2)	10 (52.6)	0.12; 1.7 (1.0–3.0)
Rai stage:			0.03*
0	1 (9.1)	7 (36.8)
1	1 (9.1)	7 (36.8)
2	7 (63.6)	4 (21.1)
3	2 (18.2)	1 (5.3)
Period from diagnosis (years)	6.8±2.1	3.9±3.3	0.025*
No. of infections per year	3.9±1.9	3.6±2.2	0.26
Types of infections			0.22
Lymphocytes (%)	71.1±11.9	71.6±11.6	0.83
Lymphocytes (10^3/mm^3)	39.2±23.5	16.4±9.0	0.053
Neutrophils (%)	20.0±11.7	19.9±11.3	0.85
Neutrophils (10^3/mm^3)	7.5±4.0	5.3±5.3	0.039*
IgA (mg/dL)	90.3±45.3	146.4±100.2	0.21
IgG (mg/dL)	563.3±217.5	940.0±307.5	0.017*
IgM (mg/dL)	31.5±14.8	62.1±50.6	0.95
CD3^+ cells (%)	13.4±5.3	11.7±7.9	0.86
CD19^+ cells (%)	80.5±7.4	84.1±8.9	0.60
CD5^+CD19^+ cells (%)	18.9±8.8	72.5±24.6	0.55
CD19^+ZAP70^+ cells (%)	14.5±14.5	18.3±14.1	0.77
Positive/negative	3/4 (42.9)	7/14 (33.3)	0.67; 1.5 (0.3–1.6)
CD19^+CD38^+ cells (%)	21.3±17.1	18.2±19.1	0.38
Positive/negative	4/4 (50.0)	6/14 (30.0)	0.40; 2.3 (0.4–12.6)
CD19^+CD25^+ cells (%)	26.2±23.4	44.2±27.1	0.14
Positive/negative	8/13 (38.1)	2/5 (28.6)	1.0; 1.5 (0.2–9.9)
CD19^+CD69^+ cells (%)	16.0±13.1	21.6±20.7	0.88
CD3^+CD25^+ cells (%)	18.9±8.8	18.5±8.3	0.72
CD3^+CD69^+ cells (%)	2.6±1.3	7.6±7.9	0.55
CD3^+CD4^+cells (%)	8.3±3.2	6.1±3.3	0.19
CD3^+CD8^+cells (%)	7.3±4.1	7.3±6.1	0.98
CD4^+-to-CD8^+ cells ratio	1.3±0.7	1.3±0.8	0.95
CD4^+CD8^+cells (%)	0.4±0.1	0.4±0.4	1.0

^∗𝑃<0.05.