Characteristics, Management, and In-Hospital Outcomes of Diabetic Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome in the United Arab Emirates

Table 1

Demographic and other baseline characteristics of the studied subjects (𝑛=1697).

Characteristic	DM (𝑛=668)	Non-DM (𝑛=1029)	𝑃 value
Age, mean ± SD, years	55.6±11.2	50.5±11.5	<0.001
Female	127 (19)	84 (8.2)	<0.001
Body mass index, mean ± SD, kg/m^2	27.3±4.4	26.2±4.3	<0.001
Hypertension	449 (67.2)	370 (36)	<0.001
Hyperlipidemia	347 (52)	257 (25)	<0.001
Current smoker (includes sheesha)	266 (40)	557 (54.1)	<0.001
Family history of CAD	84 (12.6)	177 (17.2)	0.01
Prior angina or MI	328 (49.1)	310 (30.1)	<0.001
Past PCI or CABG	140 (21)	117 (11.4)	<0.001
COPD	25 (3.7)	29 (2.8)	0.289
History of stroke	44 (6.6)	29 (2.8)	<0.001
Dialysis	10 (1.5)	7 (0.7)	0.099
PVD	29 (4.3)	16 (1.6)	<0.001
Presenting symptoms			<0.001
Ischemic chest pain	529 (79.2)	908 (88.2)
Atypical chest pain	45 (6.7)	56 (5.4)
Dyspnea	70 (10.5)	35 (3.4)
Palpitation	8 (1.2)	6 (0.6)
Loss of consciousness	4 (0.6)	7 (0.7)
Other	12 (1.8)	17 (1.7)
ST deviation	504 (75.4)	786 (76.4)	0.56
ACS diagnosis			<0.001
Non-STEMI/UA	370 (55.4)	459 (44.6)
STEMI/LBBB MI	227 (34)	501 (48.7)
Other	71 (10.6)	69 (6.7)
Killip class II, III, IV*	182 (27.3)	174 (17)	<0.001
Renal impairment	113 (16.9)	86 (8.4)	<0.001

Figures in parentheses are percentages.
Abbreviations: DM: diabetes mellitus; SD: standard deviation; CAD: coronary artery disease; MI: myocardial infarction; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; CABG: coronary artery bypass surgery; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; PVD: peripheral vascular disease; STEMI: ST-elevation myocardial infarction; LBBB: left bundle branch block; UA: unstable angina.
*Killip class (scale I–IV) is a risk stratification tool for patients after acute myocardial infarction; a low Killip class indicates a lower likelihood of death within the first 30 days than a high Killip class.