Chronic-Alcohol-Abuse-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Development of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Figure 3
Glutathione synthesis, transportation, and compartmentalization. (a) GSH de novo synthesis requires glutamate (Glu), cysteine (Cys), and glycine (Gly). Key enzymes involved are g-GT: g-glutamyltransferase; g-GCS: γ-glutamylcysteinesynthetase; GS: glutathionsynthetase. GSH is freely distributed in the cytosol, but also compartmentalized in mitochondria, nucleus and ER. (b) GSH transports from cytosol to mitochondrion. GSH can move easily through the mitochondrial outer membrane, but requires carrier-mediated transport to cross the mitochondrial inner membrane. DCC: dicarboxylate carrier; OGC: 2-oxoglutarate carrier.
