Mechanisms Underlying the Osteo- and Adipo-Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Table 1

Comparison of MSCs derived from different sources.

	Bone marrow	Adipose tissue	Other sources
Isolated methods	painful with invasive procedure	not additional pain; less invasive procedure	no pain; no invasive procedure from UCB, CB placenta
	100% success rate	100% success rate	63% success rate
Surface antigens or markers	CD106 MEST higher expression	CD49b, CD54, CD34; Ki-67, CDCA8, CCNB2 higher expression; chemokine receptors	CTGF, BMP antagonist 1 high expression in UC-MSCs
Differentiation potential	not restricted	not restricted	stronger osteogenic differentiation of UCB-MSCs; no adipogenic differentiation of UCB-MSCs
Proliferation	lowest	highest	high in CB-MSCs
Migration capacity	high	high	high in placenta-MSCs, low in UC-MSCs
Morphology	larger	normal	normal
Apoptosis tolerance	not high	high	not high