| | Disagree/strongly disagree | Agree/strongly agree | Unadjusted odds ratio | value |
| | (%) | (%) | (95% CI) | |
| | Age (Mean, SD) | 71.1 (8.2) | 69.0 (7.1) | 0.97 (.91–1.02) | 0.24 |
| | Gender | | | | Female | 41 (62.1%) | 11 (39.3%) | | Male | 25 (37.9%) | 17 (60.7%) | 2.54 (1.02–6.28) | 0.04 |
| | Education | | | | ≤10 years | 23 (34.8%) | 13 (46.4%) | | >10 years | 43 (65.2%) | 15 (53.6%) | 0.62 (0.25–1.51) | 0.29 |
| | Occupation | | | | Nonprofessional | 45 (70.3%) | 15 (53.6%) | | Professional | 19 (29.7%) | 13 (46.4%) | 2.05 (0.82–5.13) | 0.12 |
| | Self-reported health | | | | Excellent/good | 40 (60.6%) | 19 (67.9%) | | Fair/poor health | 26 (39.4%) | 9 (32.1%) | 0.73 (0.29–1.86) | 0.51 |
| | GDS | | | | | | Depressive symptoms (Mean, SD) | 1.43 (2.0) | 2.18 (1.7) | 1.21 (0.96–1.51) | 0.10 |
| | IADL | | | | | | No disability | 49 (74.2%) | 25 (89.3%) | 2.89 (0.773–10.75) | 0.10 | | Any disability | 17 (25.8) | 3 (10.7%) | | |
| | Living spouse | 40 (61.5%) | 18 (64.3%) | 1.125 (0.45–2.82) | 0.802 | | Widowed/not married | 25 (38.5%) | 10 (35.7%) | | |
| | Religiosity scale (mean, SD) | 31.4 (4.56) | 30.68 (3.88) | 0.96 (0.87–1.07) | 0.46 |
| | Income | | | | | | <$20k | 41 (63.1%) | 15 (53.6%) | | | | ≥$20k | 24 (36.9%) | 13 (46.4%) | 1.48 (0.60–3.63) | 0.390 |
| | English proficiency | | | | | | No | 14 (21.2%) | 9 (33.3%) | | | | Yes | 52 (78.8%) | 18 (66.7%) | 0.54 (0.2–1.46) | 0.22 |
| | 1st or 2nd | 38 (59.4%) | 23 (85.2%) | 3.94 (0.122–12.66) | 0.017 | | 3rd generation American | 26 (40.6%) | 4 (14.8%) |
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