Research Article

Animal Bones Char Solubilization by Gel-Entrapped Yarrowia lipolytica on Glycerol-Based Media

Table 3

Repeated batch citric acid production and simultaneous animal bone char solubilization by k-carrageenan-entrapped cells of Yarrowia lipolytica employed in a repeated-batch fermentation process.

Batch No.CA (g/L)Res. g-ol (g/L)Yield (P/S) (g/g)QCA (g L−1 h−1)Soluble P (mg/L)

1 2 1 . 3 ± 0 . 8 5 8 . 8 ± 1 . 4 0.520.44310 ± 9.2
2 2 5 . 6 ± 0 . 9 5 5 . 9 ± 2 . 1 0.570.53368 ± 11.1
3 2 8 . 1 ± 1 . 0 5 1 . 9 ± 1 . 1 0.580.58399 ± 8.8
4 2 6 . 7 ± 0 . 4 5 6 . 1 ± 2 . 0 0.600.56375 ± 14.1

Values are means of ±SE of 3 replicates.