Effects of Visual Deprivation on Gait Dynamic Stability

Table 1

Mean ± standard deviation of gait spatio-temporal parameters in full (FV) versus no vision (NV) condition, and the P values of the effects of vision (V), environment (E), gender (G), and all their possible interactions on step length (SL), step frequency (SF), walking speed (WS), walked distance (WD), and walked time (Time).

Parameters	FV	NV	V	E	G	V * E	V * G	E * G	V * E * G
SL	0.64±0.05	0.54±0.09	<0.001	0.022	0.091	0.009	0.454	0.977	0.784
SF	0.87±0.06	0.77±0.10	<0.001	0.142	0.928	0.011	0.234	0.142	0.082
WS	1.12±0.11	0.83±0.18	<0.001	0.002	0.391	0.013	0.883	0.389	0.519
WD	10.00±0.00	8.86±1.57	<0.001	0.005	0.551	0.005	0.551	0.555	0.555
Time	8.98±0.83	10.95±2.11	<0.001	0.224	0.209	0.715	0.607	0.096	0.121