Review Article
Biomarkers of Periodontal Tissue Remodeling during Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Mice and Men: Overview and Clinical Relevance
Table 1
GCF biomarkers considered in the text and their biological significance.
| Biomarkers of inflammation | | Interleukins (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8) | | Tumor Necrosis factors (TNF-) | | Colony-stimulating factors (M-CSF, G-CSF, GM-CSF) | | Growth factors (VEGF) | | Arachidonic acid derivates and prostaglandins (PGE) | | Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) | | Substance P | | Neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (ALP) | | Biomarkers of bone resorption | | Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK) | | Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) | | Biomarkers of cell death | | Caspase-1 | | Β-glucuronidase (G) | | Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) | | Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) | | Biomarkers of bone deposition and mineralization | | Osteoprotegerin (OPG) | | Bone alkaline phosphatase (ALP) | |
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