The Relationship between Health-Promoting Behaviors and Resilience in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Table 3
Difference in subgroups of health promotion behavior among study groups ().
All
High-risk group
Early CKD group
Pre-ESRD group
Variables
value
Mean ± Standard deviation
Mean ± Standard deviation
Mean ± Standard deviation
Mean ± Standard deviation
Nutrition
10.94 ± 2.742
12.27 ± 2.375
11.24 ± 2.544
9.8 ± 2.698
11.691***
Health responsibility
13.47 ± 4.587
13.65 ± 4.638
14.12 ± 4.623
12.8 ± 4.509
1.175
Self-actualization
17.49 ± 4.587
19.38 ± 4.210
18.24 ± 5.255
15.6 ± 4.951
8.097***
Interpersonal support
12.51 ± 3.874
13.27 ± 3.449
13.18 ± 3.921
11.43 ± 3.684
4.023**
Sports and leisure
5.34 ± 3.941
7.35 ± 4.073
4.8 ± 3.870
4.45 ± 3.466
7.868**
Stress management
14.15 ± 4.119
15.4 ± 2.734
14.64 ± 4.663
12.92 ± 4.126
5.159**
Total (health promotion behavior)
73.83 ± 18.909
80.47 ± 15.733
76.32 ± 19.845
67.32 ± 18.275
6.982**
High-risk group: the families of CKD patients. Early CKD group: GFR > 45 mL/min/1.73 m2. Pre-ESRD group: GFR < 45 mL/min/1.73 m2.
*
, **, and ***. Statistical methods: descriptive statistics, one way ANOVA.