Thermal Tolerance in Anuran Embryos with Different Reproductive Modes: Relationship to Altitude
Table 2
Daily microhabitat temperatures for the study species.
Altitude and place
Species
Embryos microhabitat
mean (sd)
mean (sd)
(1) 40 m (Barranquilla)
E. johnstonei
Land and shaded place
27.73 (0.93)
26.25 (0.53)
25.5–31 ()
(2) 430 m (Potrerillo)
H. crepitans and D. microcephalus
Water and exposed to sun
34.03 (3.38)
23.71 (1.03)
21.5–43.5 ()
D. truncatus
Land and shaded place
27.03 (1)
25.23 (1.43)
22–29.5 ()
(3) 630 m (Payandé)
R. marina and R. humboldti
Water and exposed to sun
35.04 (3.53)
23.62 (0.68)
22.5–40.5 ()
(4) 827 m (Ibagué)
E. pustulosus
Foam nest on pond exposed to sun
34.0 (4.3)
21.8 (1.12)
19–40.5 ()
L. insularum
Foam nest on pond in a shaded place
27.63 (1.64)
23.88 (1.77)
20.5–31.5 ()
(5) 1150 m (Falan)
S. punctulata and E. prosoblepon
On leaves in a shaded place
22.43 (1.6)
18.47 (1)
16.5–28.5 ()
(6) 1200 m (Ibagué)
E. johnstonei
Land and shaded place
24.16 (3.84)
22.83 (0.35)
22.0–26.0 ()
(7) 2600 m (Ibagué)
P. uranobates
Land and shaded place
17.01 (1.06)
12.24 (1.77)
10.1–21.2 ()
(8) 2600 m (Bogotá)
D. labialis
Water (10 cm below the surface)
17.8 (1.91)
12.3 (0.98)
11–20.5 ()
SD: standard deviation; : number of data; : maximum temperature (°C); : minimum temperature; : range of temperature. Data obtained for information of microhabitat temperatures where this species is frequently found at the sea level in Colombia.
