An Update on Diabetic Women Obstetrical Outcomes Linked to Preconception and Pregnancy Glycemic Profile: A Systematic Literature Review

Table 2

Detailed data about metabolic parameters according to the pregnancy outcomes.

Author (year)

Design

DM

Pre-HbA1c (%)

Booking HbA1c (%)

1st trimester HbA1c (%)

2nd trimester HbA1c (%)

3rd trimester HbA1c (%)

Miscarriages (%)

Stillbirths (%)

Perinatal deaths (%)

Malformation (%)

Macrosomia (%)

SGA (%)

Suhonen et al. (2000) [7]

Prospective study

I = 488

7.5 ± 1.4*

10.3

Endres et al. (2004) [9]

Prospective study

I + II = 74

7.6 ± 2*

6.4 ± 1*

28

Evers et al. (2004) [10]

Prospective study

I = 323

6.5 ± 1.0*

5.9 ± 0.9*

6.2 ± 1.1*

2.8

8.8

45.1

Jensen et al. (2004) [11]

Prospective study

I = 1215

7.6

7.3 (6.6–8.2)^‡

6.6 (6–8.3)^‡

6.7 (6.2–7.4)^‡

2.1

3.1

5

Clausen et al. (2005) [12]

Retrospective study

I = 240

7 (6.5–7.8)^‡

6.3 (5.8–6.8)^‡

6.3 (5.9–6.7)^‡

1.7

2.9

5

4

II = 61

6.8 (6.1–7.7)^‡

5.7 (5.2–6.2)^‡

5.9 (5.5–6.2)^‡

6.7

6.6

8

2

Huddle (2005) [13]

Retrospective study

I = 172

8.2 ± 2.0*

6.8 ± 1.0*

3.9

3.9

0.6

II = 213

7.8 ± 2.0*

6.5 ± 1.0*

1.8

2.8

0.9

Roland et al. (2005) [14]

Prospective study

I = 389

7.35 ± 1.79*

6.49 ± 1.49*

6.51 ± 1.53*

2.8

4.4

46.5

3.6

II = 146

7.22 ± 1.95*

6.09 ± 1.88*

6.58 ± 1.36*

6.2

12.3

46.9

9.6

Galindo et al. (2006) [15]

Prospective study

I + II = 127

6.5 ± 1.6*

7.9

7.4

de Valk et al. (2006) [16]

Retrospective study

II = 48

6.9

6.4

6.0

6.2

13.6

5.1

3.3

Hillman Gadea   et al. (2006) [17]

Retrospective study

I = 532

7.2 ± 1.19*

6.3 ± 0.9*

6.2 ± 0.8*

1.7

4.7

1

II = 93

6.4 ± 1.19*

5.8 ± 0.84*

5.8 ± 0.76*

1.1

6.5

3.3

Gonzalez-Gonzalez et al. (2008) [18]

Retrospective study

I = 257

7.1 ± 1.22*

6.0 ± 0.82*

1.97

6.22

20.6

2.9

II = 147

6.6 ± 1.51*

5.5 ± 0.55*

2.75

6.80

13.8

2.2

Lapolla et al. (2008) [19]

Prospective study

I = 504

7.2 ± 1.6*

1.06

0.21

5.9

13.2

II = 164

6.4 ± 1.7*

1.9

1.9

2

11.8

Murphy et al. (2011) [20]

Prospective study

I = 408

7.9 (6.5–11.1)^‡

7.4 (6.1–9.6)^‡

6.7 (5.7–8.2)^‡

6.7 (5.6–8.1)^‡

13.3

4.9

II = 274

6.9 (5.7–10)^‡

6.8 (5.6–8.5)^‡

6 (5.2–7.1)^‡

6.2 (5.2–7.3)^‡

17

11.4

DM: diabetes mellitus.
SGA: small for gestational age.
HbA1c: haemoglobin glycated.
*Results shown as mean ± standard deviation.
^‡Results shown as median ± interquartile range.