From Nonlinear Optimization to Convex Optimization through Firefly Algorithm and Indirect Approach with Applications to CAD/CAM

<table>Adjusting data points (red cross symbols in both pictures) of two outlines curves of a paint spray gun with our method: (left) reconstructed data points (blue empty circle symbols); (right) approximating spline curve (blue solid line). </table>

The Scientific World Journal

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Figure 4

Figure 4: From Nonlinear Optimization to Convex Optimization through Firefly Algorithm and Indirect Approach with Applications to CAD/CAM 