Autism in Toddlers: Can Observation in Preschool Yield the Same Information as Autism Assessment in a Specialised Clinic?
Table 4
Comparison between the total score in the different domains of preschool observation and ADOS.
Domains
Preschool M (SD) Min–max
ADOS M (SD) Min–max
Differences M (SD) Min–max
value
Total: communication ()
4.13 (2.46)
4.50 (2.42)
−0.38 (1.86)
0.1034
0.00–10.00
0.00–9.00
−4.00–6.00
Module 1 ()
5.33 (2.22)
5.71 (2.10)
−0.38 (1.95)
0.1564
1.00–10.00
2.00–9.00
−3.00–6.00
Module 2 ()
2.31 (1.54)
2.69 (1.62)
−0.38 (1.78)
0.4785
0.00–6.00
0.00–7.00
−4.00–3.00
Total: reciprocal social interaction ()
8.13 (4.33)
7.70 (4.26)
0.43 (2.70)
0.4196
0.00–14.00
0.00–14.00
−5.00–6.00
Module 1 ()
10.21 (3.67)
9.71 (3.86)
0.50 (2.72)
0.5178
1.00–14.00
2.00–14.00
−5.00–6.00
Module 2 ()
5.00 (3.29)
4.69 (2.85)
0.31 (2.75)
0.6573
0.00–10.00
0.00–10.00
−4.00–5.00
Combined total; communication and reciprocal social interaction (N = 40)
12.25 (6.56)
12.20 (6.37)
0.05 (3.85)
0.7180
0.00–23.00
1.00–23.00
−7.00–12.00
Module 1 ()
15.54 (5.52)
15.42 (5.50)
0.13 (3.76)
0.5574
2.00–23.00
6.00–23.00
−7.00–12.00
Module 2 ()
7.31 (4.67)
7.38 (4.19)
−0.06 (4.11)
1.0000
0.00–16.00
1.00–17.00
−7.00–7.00
Total: play and imagination ()
2.08 (1.65)
2.08 (1.62)
0.00 (1.04)
1.0000
0.00–4.00
0.00–4.00
−3.00–4.00
Module 1 ()
3.13 (1.23)
3.04 (1.30)
0.08 (1.21)
0.8418
0.00–4.00
0.00–4.00
−3.00–4.00
Module 2 ()
0.50 (0.63)
0.63 (0.72)
−0.13 (0.72)
0.7266
0.00–2.00
0.00–2.00
−1.00–1.00
Total: stereotyped behaviours and restricted interests ()
1.83 (1.39)
1.83 (1.41)
0.00 (1.26)
0.9660
0.00–5.00
0.00–5.00
−3.00–2.00
Module 1 ()
2.21 (1.50)
2.25 (1.51)
−0.04 (1.37)
0.9089
0.00–5.00
0.00–5.00
−3.00–2.00
Module 2 ()
1.25 (1.00)
1.19 (0.98)
0.06 (1.12)
1.0000
0.00–3.00
0.00–3.00
−2.00–2.00
Collapsed global score (module 1 and module 2)
Communication
2.23 (1.67)
2.28 (1.45)
–0.05 (1.18)
0.8179
0.00–6.00
0.00–5.00
−3.00–3.00
Reciprocal social interaction
4.58 (2.89)
4.60 (2.62)
–0.03 (1.54)
0.8876
0.00–8.00
0.00–8.00
–5.00–4.00
Total; communication and reciprocal social interaction
6.80 (4.33)
6.88 (3.91)
–0.08 (2.34)
0.3980
0.00–13.00
1.00–13.00
–5.00–7.00
Play and imagination
1.25 (0.84)
1.28 (0.85)
–0.03 (0.66)
1.0000
0.00–2.00
0.00–2.00
–1.00–2.00
Stereotyped behaviours and restricted interests
1.83 (1.39)
1.83 (1.41)
0.00 (1.26)
0.9660
0.00–5.00
0.00–5.00
–3.00–2.00
The data is presented as mean (SD)/Min–Max. Differences are preschool values minus ADOS values. The values are calculated using a Wilcoxon signed rank test. Collapsed global scores only include tests involving both modules.
