Research Article

Stakeholders’ Attitude to Genetically Modified Foods and Medicine

Table 1

Operational definitions of the stakeholders.

StakeholdersDefinitions

(1) ProducersManagement representatives from food, agriculture, pharmaceutical, and agrochemical industry and organizations related to or with potential interest in biotechnology
(2) BiotechnologistsScience and health professionals involved in biotechnology research and development (R&D)
(3) BiologistsLife science and health professionals not involved in biotechnology (R&D)
(4) Policy makersGovernment officers and legislators involved in decision making related to biotechnology
(5) Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs)Leaders of NGOs with an interest in biotechnology
(6) MediaMedia writers and editors from major newspapers and broadcasters from major television and radio whose primary beat is science and technology
(7) PoliticiansMinisters, senators, and parliamentarians
(8) Islamic scholarsLeaders of Islamic organizations, head of houses of worship, and academicians specializing in Islamic studies.
(9) Buddhist scholarsLeaders of Buddhist organizations, head of houses of worship, and academicians specializing in Buddhist studies.
(10) Christian scholarsLeaders of Christian organizations, head of houses of worship, and academicians specializing in Christianity studies.
(11) Hindu scholarsLeaders of Hindu organizations, head of houses of worship, and academicians specializing in Hindu studies.
(12) Biology studentsUniversity and college students majoring in biology
(13) General publicRespondents who does not belong to any of the above categories. They are stratified proportionately according to their occupations classification by Malaysian Standard Classification of Occupations 1998 (MASCO) with a little modification. The managers, senior officials, and legislators were combined with the professional group; the agricultural and fishery workers were combined with the elementary occupation as their percentage was only 0.71% and another category was created for the unemployed.