Aliphatic, Cyclic, and Aromatic Organic Acids, Vitamins, and Carbohydrates in Soil: A Review

Table 2

Carbohydrates in soil collected from different ecosystems.

Management	Type of extraction	Dominant carbohydrates	Concentrations	Sampling (horizon or depth)	References
Rotation of vegetables, legumes, and Triticum aestivum L.	Solution	Glucose, glucuronic, and galacturonic acid	0.115 μg/g	Ah	[91]
Arable land (different managements)	Hot water and NaOH extract	Arabinose, xylose, mannose, galactose, glucose, and rhamnose	Up to 358 μg/g	0–10,; 0–60 cm	[13]
Arable land (different rotation, crops, organic and mineral fertilization, biotic treatments, etc.)	Hydrolysate	Xylose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, and mannose,	Up to 4000 μg/g	0–30 cm	[28, 118, 136, 138, 149, 150]
Forests (Salix phylicifolia L., Alnus incana L. Moench., Betula  pubescens L. and Picea abies (L.) H. Karst., Quercus robur L., and Fagus sylvatica L.)	Hydrolysate	Xylose, glucose, galactose, arabinose, and mannose	Up to  μg/g organic carbon	Different horizons	[15, 151, 152]
Grasslands	Hydrolysate	Glucose, galactose, arabinose, mannose, and xylose	More than 700 μg/g	0–75 cm	[149, 150, 153]
Savannah	Hydrolysate	Glucose, mannose	Up to 2000 μg/g	0–10 cm	[149]
Shrublands	Hydrolysate	Galactose, glucose, arabinose, and xylose	Up to 2400 μg/g	0–5 cm	[137]
Prairie	Hydrolysate	Arabinose, galactose, xylose, and glucose	Up to 4000 μg/g	—	[150]
Four soil types (vegetation not specified)	Hydrolysate	Glucose, galactose, mannose, arabinose, and xylose	Up to 2000 μg/g	0–20 cm	[92]