Thermal Stability Analysis under Embankment with Asphalt Pavement and Cement Pavement in Permafrost Regions

<table class="table-group" id="tab6"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="3"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td align="left">Pavement type</td><td align="center"><svg height="15.8375" id="M74" style="vertical-align:-3.3907pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.775 15.8375" width="17.775" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.55)"><path d="M649 676l-22 -187l-33 -2q3 56 -12 94q-8 20 -31.5 26.5t-86.5 6.5h-74l-90 -491q-4 -23 -6 -36.5t1 -25t7 -16.5t18 -9t27 -5t41 -3l-6 -28h-286l4 28q68 5 84 18.5t28 76.5l94 491h-55q-74 0 -100.5 -6t-41.5 -23q-24 -29 -54 -98l-32 1q32 98 53 188h22q7 -18 15 -22
t37 -4h417q23 0 33.5 5t25.5 21h23z" id="x1D447"></path></g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,11.388,15.637)"><path d="M241 635q53 0 94 -28.5t63.5 -76t33.5 -102.5t11 -116q0 -58 -11 -112.5t-34 -103.5t-63.5 -78.5t-94.5 -29.5t-95 28t-64.5 75t-34.5 102.5t-11 118.5q0 58 11.5 112.5t34.5 103t64.5 78t95.5 29.5zM238 602q-32 0 -55.5 -25t-35.5 -68t-17.5 -91t-5.5 -105
q0 -76 10 -138.5t37 -107.5t69 -45q32 0 55.5 25t35.5 68.5t17.5 91.5t5.5 105t-5.5 105.5t-18 92t-36 68t-56.5 24.5z" id="x30"></path></g>
</svg>/°C</td><td align="center">The ground temperature amplitude <svg height="11.4625" id="M75" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.5875 11.4625" width="12.5875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.4)"><path d="M716 28l-8 -28h-254l8 28q55 5 66 17.5t5 47.5l-30 145h-232l-74 -138q-21 -43 -11 -54.5t72 -17.5l-6 -28h-235l8 28q53 7 73.5 21t53.5 70l319 540l33 8q6 -43 33 -176l80 -381q10 -49 26.5 -63t72.5 -19zM495 281l-49 264h-2l-149 -264h200z" id="x1D434"></path></g>
</svg>/°C</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="3"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td align="left">Natural ground surface/°C</td><td align="center"><span style="width: 30.299999px;"><svg height="11.125" id="M76" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 30.299999 11.125" width="30.299999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,10.862)"><path d="M535 230h-483v50h483v-50z" id="x2212"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,10.041,10.862)"><path d="M384 0h-275v27q67 5 81.5 18.5t14.5 68.5v385q0 38 -7.5 47.5t-40.5 10.5l-48 2v24q85 15 178 52v-521q0 -55 14.5 -68.5t82.5 -18.5v-27z" id="x31"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,18.2,10.862)"><path d="M113 -12q-24 0 -39.5 16t-15.5 42q0 24 16 40.5t40 16.5t40 -16.5t16 -40.5q0 -26 -16 -42t-41 -16z" id="x2E"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,22.076,10.862)"><path d="M241 635q53 0 94 -28.5t63.5 -76t33.5 -102.5t11 -116q0 -58 -11 -112.5t-34 -103.5t-63.5 -78.5t-94.5 -29.5t-95 28t-64.5 75t-34.5 102.5t-11 118.5q0 58 11.5 112.5t34.5 103t64.5 78t95.5 29.5zM238 602q-32 0 -55.5 -25t-35.5 -68t-17.5 -91t-5.5 -105
q0 -76 10 -138.5t37 -107.5t69 -45q32 0 55.5 25t35.5 68.5t17.5 91.5t5.5 105t-5.5 105.5t-18 92t-36 68t-56.5 24.5z" id="x30"></path></g>
</svg></span></td><td align="center">11.89</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Asphalt pavement/°C</td><td align="center">3.0</td><td align="center">15.15</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Cement pavement/°C</td><td align="center">1.0</td><td align="center">14.55</td></tr><tr><td align="left">The gravel slope/°C</td><td align="center">0.2</td><td align="center">14.2</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="3"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

The annual ground temperature and the ground temperature amplitude in the top boundaries.

The Scientific World Journal

tab6

Table 6

Table 6: Thermal Stability Analysis under Embankment with Asphalt Pavement and Cement Pavement in Permafrost Regions 