Genetic Markers Associated to Dyslipidemia in HIV-Infected Individuals on HAART

Table 2

Characteristics of the study participants.

	All study participants; 𝑛=614	PI-sparing; ART; 𝑛=311	PI-based; ART; 𝑛=303	𝑃 value
Demographic
Age, years	43.0±10	42±10	43±9	0.114^§
Male sex, 𝑛 (%)	341 (55.5)	179 (58)	162 (54)	0.348*
Ethnicity, 𝑛 (%)
Euro-Brazilians	349 (57)	166 (48)	183 (60)	0.094*
Afro-Brazilians	265 (43)	145 (47)	120 (40)
Physical activity, 𝑛 (%)	156 (25)	74 (24)	82 (27)	0.389*
Cigarette smoking, 𝑛 (%)	186 (30)	103 (33)	83 (28)	0.153*
Clinical
CD4, cells/uL	533±266	516±255	552±277	0.095^§
Therapy time (months)	68±41	57±38	76±41	<0.001^§¥
Lipid-lowering drugs, 𝑛 (%)	105 (17)	42 (14)	63 (21)	0.021*
Metabolic
Triglycerides, mg/dL	196±171	170±131	223±202	<0.001^¶¥
Total cholesterol, mg/dL	192±48	189±44	196±52	0.056^§
HDL-C, mg/dL	48±16	51±17	46±14	<0.001^§
LDL-C, mg/dL	107±37	105±34	109±40	0.175^§
Dyslipidemia, 𝑛 (%)	455 (74)	215 (69)	240 (79)	0.006*
Hypertriglyceridemia	293 (49)	122 (40)	171 (59)	<0.001*
Hypercholesterolemia	245 (41)	118 (39)	127 (44)	0.267*
Low HDL-C	185 (31)	74 (24)	111 (38)	<0.001*

Data presented as mean ± SD or number of patients (%).
PI: protease inhibitors; ART: antiretroviral therapy; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein.
^¥𝑃 value expressed with tests performed with ln-transformed variable.
§Student 𝑡-test for independent samples.
* 𝜒²-Test with Yates correction.
¶Student 𝑡-test for independent samples with ln-transformed variable.