Review Article
Effect of Supplementation with Antioxidants on the Quality of Bovine Milk and Meat Production
Table 3
Table representing common plant extracts and main active substances fed to cattle [
22].
| (a) |
| | Common name | Scientific name | Main compounds (class) |
| | Alfalfa | Medicago sativa | Coumestrol (flavonoid) | | Allspice | Pimenta dioica | Eugenol (EO) | | Apple | Malus sylvestris | Phloretin (flavonoid) | | Bael tree | Aegle marmelos | Limonene (terpene) | | Barberry | Berberis vulgaris | Berberine (alkaloid) | | Basil | Ocimum basilicum | Linalool (terpene); estragol (EO) | | Bay | Laurus nobilis | Linalool (terpene); cineole (EO) | |
Betel pepper | Piper betel | Eugenol (EO) | | Black pepper | Piper nigrum | Piperine (alkaloid) | | Brazilian pepper tree | Schinus terebinthifolius |
Terebinthina (terpene) | | Burdock | Arctium lappa | Cinarin, Quercetin; caffeic acid (phenols) | | Caraway | Carum carvi | Carvone; limonene; germacrene (terpenes) | | Cascara sagrada | Rhamnus purshiana | Anthraquinone (phenolic: quinone) | | Ceylon cinnamon | Cinnamomum verum | Pinene (terpene); cinnamaldehyde; eugenol (EOs) | | Chamomile | Matricaria chamomilla | Anthemic acid (phenolic) | | Chili peppers, paprika | Capsicum annuum | Capsaicin (terpene) | | Clove | Syzygium aromaticum | Eugenol (EO) | | Dill | Anethum graveolens | Carvone; limonene (terpene) | | Echinacea | Echinacea angustifolia | Polyenes (polyacetylenes); Cyarin (phenolic); tussilaginea (alkaloid) | | Garlic | Allium sativum | Allicin; Ajoene (S-terpene) | | Ginseng | Panax notoginseng | Ginsenoside (saponin) | | Glory lily | Gloriosa superba | Colchicine (alkaloid) | | Goldenseal | Hydrastis canadensis | Berberine (alkaloid) | | Gotu kola | Centella asiatica | Asiaticoside (terpene) | | Grapefruit peel | Citrus paradise | Ocimene β (terpene) | | Green tea | Camellia sinensis | Catechin (flavonoid) | | Hops | Humulus lupulus | Lupulone (phenolic), humulone (terpene) | | Horseradish | Armoracia rusticana | Kaempferol (flavonol) |
|
|
EO: Essential oil.
|
| (b) |
| | Common name | Scientific name | Main compounds
(class) |
| | Legume | Millettia thonningii | Alpinumisoflavone | | Lemon balm | Melissa officinalis | Tannins; carveol (EO); saponins; citronellol (terpene) | | Lemongrass | Cymbopogon citratus | Citral (EO) | | Lemon verbena | Aloysia triphylla | | | Mace, nutmeg | Myristica fragrans | Sabinene (terpene) | | Oak | Quercus rubra | Quercetin (flavonoid) | | Olive oil | Olea europaea | Oleuropein (phenolics)
| | Onion | Allium cepa | | | Orange peel | Citrus sinensis | Limonene (terpene) | | Oregon grape | Mahonia aquifolium | Berberine (alkaloid) | | Papaya | Carica papaya | Papain (polypeptide) | | Peppermint | Mentha piperita | Menthol (EO) | | Purple prairie clover | Petalostemum |
Petalostemumol (flavonol) | | Quinina | Cinchona sp. | Quinine (alkaloid) | | Rauvolfia, Chandra | Rauvolfia serpentine | Reserpine (alkaloid) | | Rosemary | Rosmarinus officinalis | Rosmarinic acid (phenolic); carnosol (terpene) | | Sainfoin | Onobrychis viciifolia | Tannins | | Savory | Satureja montana | Carvacrol (terpenoid) | | Senna | Cassia angustifolia | Rhein (phenolic quinine) | | Tansy | Tanacetum vulgare | Chrysanthenyl acetate (EO) | | Tarragon | Artemisia dracunculus | Caffeic acid (phenolic) | | Thyme | Thymus vulgaris | Thymol (EO) | | Turmeric | Curcuma longa | Curcumin (terpene) | | Valerian | Valeriana officinalis | Linarin (flavone); elemol (terpene) | | Willow | Salix alba | Salicin (phenolic) | | Wintergreen | Gaultheria procumbens | Anthocyanins (phenolic) |
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