Review Article

Treatment of Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus Bronchopulmonary Infection in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

Table 1

Summary of AZLI trials.

AuthorStudy designSubjectsDose usedOutcomesMain results

McCoy et al. [2]Multicenter, RCT. .
Age = >6 years.
Inclusion criteria: P. aeruginosa, 3 or more courses of tobramycin in previous year, FEV1 ≥25% and ≤75% predicted
Aztreonam 75 mg for 4 weeks, BID or TIDTime to need for additional antibiotics, FEV1Increased time to need for additional antibiotics, improved FEV1

Retsch-Bogart et al. [3]Multicenter, RCT .
Age = >13 years.
Inclusion criteria: mild and moderate lung disease, and no recent use of antibiotics, FEV1 ≥40%
Aztreonam 75 or 225 mg BID Percent change in FEV1 at end of 14 daysNo significant change in FEV1, trend of greater improvement in lung function in those with worse baseline FEV1

Retsch-Bogart et al. [4]Multicenter, RCT .
Age = >6 years.
Inclusion criteria: moderate-to-severe lung disease, FEV1 ≥25% and ≤75% predicted
Aztreonam 75 mg TID for 28 daysChange in patient-reported respiratory symptom scoreSignificant improvement in self-reported symptom scores, improved FEV1

Oermann et al. [5]Open label follow-up study over 18 months .
Age = >8 years.
Inclusion criteria: previous participant
in two other studies [2, 5]
Dose used in the main trials [2, 5]Safety and efficacyImproved FEV1 and symptom scores, at the end of each cycle

Wainwright et al. [6]Multicenter, RCT .
Age = ≥6 years.
Inclusion criteria: FEV1 >75%
Aztreonam 75 mg TID for 28 daysChange in patient-reported respiratory symptom scoreNo significant change in symptom score, improved FEV1