Dendrimeric Systems and Their Applications in Ocular Drug Delivery

Table 1

Ocular applications of dendrimers and dendrimeric delivery systems.

Drug	Dendrimer type	Administration	Treatment	Outcomes	References
Piocarpine nitrate and tropicamide	PAMAM G1.5-4	Topical	Myosis and mydriasis	Increased corneal residence and prolonged reduction of IOP	[82]
Carteolol	Phosphorus containing dendrimers	Topical	Glaucoma	Increased corneal residence and reduced toxicity and IOP	[83]
Gatifloxacin	Dendrimeric polyguanidilyated translocators	Topical	Conjunctivitis and intraocular infections	Enhanced corneal transport and increased antimicrobial activity	[84]
Glucosamine and glucosamine 6-sulfate	PAMAM G3.5-COOH	Subconjunctival injection	Antiangiogenic in glaucoma surgery	Reduced inflammation and no scar formation	[38]
Carboplatin	PAMAM G3.5-COOH (dendrimeric nanoparticles)	Subconjunctival injection	Retinoblastoma	Increased half life and bioavailability; Reduced drug toxicity and tumor mass	[39]
VEGF-ODN	Lipophilic amino-acid dendrimer	Intravitreal injection	CNV	Prolonged suppression of VEGF and neovascularization	[85]
—	Polypropyleneimine octaamine G2	Corneal scaffold	Corneal tissue engineering	Enhanced human corneal epithelial cell growth	[86]
—	Surface modified-COOH ending dendrimers	Corneal scaffold	Corneal tissue engineering	Promoted adhesion and proliferation of human corneal epithelial cells	[87]
—	Modified G1, G2, and G3 dendrimers	Topical (corneal hydrogel adhesive)	Corneal wounds	Wound sealing and no scar formation	[88]
Photosensitizer	G3 aryl ether dendrimer zinc porphyrin	Intravenous injection-photodynamic theraphy	CNV	Accumulation in neovascularized area	[89]
Concanavalin A	Porphyrin glycodendrimers	Topical-Photodynamic therapy	Intraocular tumors and retinoblastoma	Enhanced targeting and reduced toxicity	[90]
—	Porphyrin dendrimers	Topical-Photodynamic therapy	AMD and CNV	Selective accumulation in inflammatory cells and prolonged retention time	[91, 92]
DNA	Phthalocyanine dendrimers			Accumulation in photo-irradiated areas and increased transgene expression	[93]
—	Anionicand cationic carbosilane dendrimers	Topical	Tolerance	Hydrogen bonding between mucin and PAMAM-enhanced retention time	[94]
Puerarin	PAMAM	Topical	Ocular hypertension and cataract	Increased bioavailability	[95]
Fluocinolone acetonide	PAMAM G4-OH	Intravitreal injection	Retinal neuroinflammation	Reduced inflammation	[96]
Brimonidine and timolol maleate	PAMAM hydrogel (G3)	Topical	Glaucoma	Increased uptake	[97]
Brimonidine and timolol maleate	Hybrid PAMAM dendrimer hydrogel/PLGA nanoparticle	Topical	Glaucoma	Increased uptake	[98]
—	LysxCysy dendritic polymers-in situ gel	Topical	Cataract incisions	Wound sealing	[99]