Characteristics of Lake Chad Level Variability and Links to ENSO, Precipitation, and River Discharge

Figure 8

Chari River discharge: (a) mean monthly time series; (b) 1972–2000 time series; (c) CWT of Chari River discharge; (d) CWT of lake level at Kalom; (e) XWT; and (f) wavelet coherence. The thick contour enclosed regions are greater than 95% confidence for a red-noise process. The thin solid line indicates the “cone of influence,” where edge effects become important.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)