Research Article
Assessment of Stone Columns as a Mitigation Technique of Liquefaction-Induced Effects during Italian Earthquakes (May 2012)
Table 2
Characteristics adopted in the study for S0 and S1 strata.
| | S0 (0–8 m) | S1 (8–13 m) |
| Mass density (kN/m3) | 19.0 | 20.0 | low-strain shear modulus (MPa) at 80 kPa mean effective confinement | 70 | 76 | low-strain bulk modulus (MPa) at 80 kPa mean effective confinement | 180 | 200 | Angle of internal friction (°) | 33.0 | 33.0 | Phase transformation angle (°) | 26.5 | 27.0 | Contraction parameter | 0.3 | 0.3 | Dilation parameter | 0.4 | 0.4 | Dilation parameter | 2 | 2 | Liquefaction parameter | 10 | 10 | Liquefaction parameter | 0.01 | 0.01 | Liquefaction parameter | 3 | 3 |
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