Gossypol Toxicity from Cottonseed Products

Table 4

Preventive procedures for reducing gossypol toxicity.

Procedures	Reference
Heat treatment; Roasting; extrusion	[58]; [58, 59]
Irradiation; Gamma irradiation; Electron beam irradiation	[156–158]; [60, 61]
Fungal fermentation; Aspergillus niger; Aspergillus oryzae; Candida tropicalis; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Geotrichum candidum	[161–163]; [62]; [63–66]; [63, 64]; [67]
Nutritional supplementation; Ferric sulfate; Sodium selenite; Vitamin E	[1]; [68]; [69, 70]