The Effect of Different Types of Walking on Dual-Task Performance and Task Prioritization among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Table 2

Comparisons between single and dual tasks and dual-task costs across walking types.

Task	Forward	Backward	Sideways
ST Vs DT motor^a	Median (interquartile range)				Wilcoxon signed ranks test
Single task (distance; meter)	71.50 (63.00–82.63)	43.00 (35.63–50.50)	37.75 (31.25–54.50)	41.44^**
Dual task (distance; meter)	55.50 (46.63–65.88)	27.00 (18.75–39.63)	26.00 (19.00–30.75)	50.45^**
ST Vs DT cognitive^a	Mean ± SD				Contrasts
Single task (# of correct responses)	31.75 ± 10.67	31.75 ± 10.67	31.75 ± 10.67	NA	NA
Dual task cog. (# of correct responses)	24.81 ± 8.43	27.38 ± 10.70	25.22 ± 9.18	3.23	NA
DTC of motor and cognitive tasks	Mean ± SD
DTC distance, mean ± SD	21.44% ± 16.55	29.86% ± 21.50	37.52% ± 18.32	8.69^**
DTC cog., mean ± SD	15.91 ± 22.43	11.07 ± 15.60	15.87 ± 19.52	1.11	NA

Significant differences were found between ST and DT for motor and cognitive tasks in all three walking types; .
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