| Type of cancer | Tumour biomarkers | Type of test | Additional biomarkers |
Type of test |
|
Lung cancer | NSE, TPA, and CEA (large-cell carcinoma, small-cell carcinoma) CEA, TPA (adenocarcinoma) SCC, TPA (squamous cell carcinoma) |
Immunoassay, ELISA, RIA, and magnetic-bead based chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay |
Ferritin |
Immunoassay, ELISA, and RIA |
CEA |
|
Breast cancer, sporadic | CA 15-3, CA 27-29, MCA, and CEA | Immunoassay, ELISA | TPA, B2M, Ki-67 (MIB-1), CA 19-9, ER, PR, and cytochrome P450 2D6 genotype |
Immunoassay, PCR-based assay for cytochrome P450 | HER2* | Immunoassay, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) | | |
| Breast cancer, hereditary | BRCA1, BRCA2 | DNA sequence analysis, RT-PCR, and post-PCR curve melting analysis | The same as for sporadic breast cancer for monitoring | Immunoassay |
| Prostate cancer | PSA, PAP | Immunoassay, ELISA | CEA, TPA | Immunoassay |
|
Gastric cancer, sporadic |
CA 19-9, CA 125, and CEA HER2* | Immunoassay, ELISA | TPA, ferritin, and gastrin | Immunoassay | Immunoassay, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) | | |
| Colorectal cancer, hereditary | MSI testing (BAT25, BAT26, NR-21, NR-24, and MONO-27), APC, AXIN2, BMPR1A, CDH1, CHEK2, MLH1, MLH3, MSH2, MSH6, MYH/MutYH), TP53, PTEN, PMS2, SCG5/GREM1, SMAD4, and STK11 | PCR-based test, IHC, DNA sequence analysis, long-range PCR, RT-PCR and post-PCR curve melting analysis, multiplex ligation probe amplification (MLPA), and array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) | The same as for sporadic colon cancer for monitoring |
Immunoassay | BRAF, MLH1 promoter methylation | PCR-based test | | |
|
Gastric cancer, sporadic |
CA 19–9, CA 125, and CEA HER2* | Immunoassay, ELISA | TPA, ferritin, and gastrin | Immunoassay |
Immunoassay, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) | | |
| Gastric cancer, hereditary | CHD1 | DNA sequence analysis, RT-PCR, and post-PCR curve melting analysis | The same as for sporadic gastric cancer for monitoring | |
| Oral cancer | SCC, CEA | Immunoassay | CA 19-9 | Immunoassay |
|
Glioma | MGMT promoter methylation | Methylation specific PCR | — | — | IDH1, IDH2 | DNA sequence analysis, RT-PCR, and post-PCR curve melting analysis | — | — |
|
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