5D Parameter Estimation of Near-Field Sources Using Hybrid Evolutionary Computational Techniques

Table 6

Proximity effect of DOA of three sources and 17 sensors at SNR = 10 dB.

Scheme	𝜃1(rad)	𝜙1(rad)	𝜃2(rad)	𝜙2(rad)	𝜃3(rad)	𝜙3(rad)	% convergence
Desired values	0.6981	1.9199	0.7679	1.9897	0.8378	2.0595	—
IPA	0.8203	2.0402	0.8901	2.1118	0.9599	2.1817	1
PS	0.7941	2.0351	0.8849	2.1049	0.9512	2.1712	4
GA	0.7400	1.9600	0.8116	2.0298	0.8796	2.1031	64
GA-IPA	0.7208	1.9408	0.7906	2.0141	0.8587	2.0857	70
GA-PS	0.7103	1.9303	0.7821	2.0019	0.8482	2.0717	80