Automated Detection and Evaluation of Swallowing Using a Combined EMG/Bioimpedance Measurement System

Table 3

Group swallow parameters.

Characteristic	Medical history	Mean	SD	Statistical significance
Duration of preparation for swallowing and bolus formation	Healthy	−0.192	0.512	0.000***
	Swallowing disorder	0.022	8.360
Extent of laryngeal closure	Healthy	−0.935	0.512	0.013*
	Swallowing disorder	−0.955	0.219
Maximum laryngeal elevation	Healthy	−1.416	0.482	0.000***
	Swallowing disorder	−1.170	0.645
Speed of laryngeal elevation	Healthy	−4.963	1.901	0.000***
	Swallowing disorder	−4.253	2.488

The comparison above shows means and standard deviations (SD) for both healthy subjects and patients with a swallowing disorder. The significance level was calculated using the Mann 𝑈 test, where *** denotes a statistically significant difference at a significance level of 0.01 and * at a significance level of 0.05.