Milestones in Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering History: A Comparative Review

Table 3

Knowledge engineering timeline.

Knowledge engineering
Era	Periods	Description	Methodologies
Mastering intelligence; (1956–1978)	General solvers
	KBS	Knowledge
Mastering process; (1979–1989)	Process	Crisis. Knowledge engineering; Shells	Buchanan; KLIC; IDEAL
	Specialization	Domain specific application
Mastering complexity; (1990–2000)	Second generation	KBS transfer; Knowledge industry	MIKE; Protégé; CommonKADS
	Reusing	Tasks libraries; Knowledge management
Mastering communications; (2001–2010)	Distributed	Ontologies; Semantic Web	Mas-CK; MASE; W3C RDF; METHONTOLOGY
	Data mining	Database availability; Automatic learning
Mastering productivity; (2010–…)	Expanding; Integration	Transfer to many domains; Integrated approach	SKEngineering