Review Article
A Review of Intraoperative Goal-Directed Therapy Using Arterial Waveform Analysis for Assessment of Cardiac Output
Table 1
Overview of the different arterial waveform analysis systems.
| | FloTrac | LiDCO | PiCCO |
| Method of analysis | Standard deviation of arterial pulse pressure around the mean arterial pressure | Pulse power analysis | Pulse contour analysis |
| Calibration | Not needed | Manual—lithium dilution (not needed in LiDCO rapid) | Manual—thermodilution with saline or glucose |
| Requirements | Peripheral or central arterial | Peripheral or central arterial | Central arterial and central venous |
| Advantages | Minimally invasive, easy to use, and no calibration | Minimally invasive, easy to use, no calibration with LiDCO rapid, more accurate with hemodynamic instability, and waveform shape does not matter | More accurate with hemodynamic instability, additional data available (extravascular lung volume and intrathoracic blood volume) |
| Disadvantages | Not as reliable with hemodynamic instability since peripheral vascular resistance is included in the conversion factor | Not as accurate when patient receive lithium therapy or certain neuromuscular blocking agents | More invasive, shape of arterial waveform matters |
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