Clinical Trials of Immunogene Therapy for Spontaneous Tumors in Companion Animals

Table 2

Feline cancer immunogene therapy trials.

#	Genes	Tumor	Vector	Mode	Results	Authors/year/reference
	Cytokines
1	hIL-2	FSA	Irradiated xenogeneic hIL-2 producing cells made by plasmid transfection	Ex vivo/p.t./; +SX + RX	( = 16) no relapse at 480 d: 5. Control/11. Treated: 11. Median survival: control: 240 d/treated: >480 d	Quintin-Colonna et al., 1996 [2]
2	hIL-2/fIL-2	FSA	Poxviruses	In vivo − i.t./; +SX + RX	( = 18) no relapse at 365 d: control: 7/treated: 13 fIL-2:/11 hIL-2	Jourdier et al., 2003 [50]
3	fIL-12	FSA	Adenovirus	In vivo − i.t./; +RX + HT	( = 13) feasible and manageable toxicity. Maximally tolerated safe dose: 10^10 pfu	Siddiqui et al., 2007 [51]
4	fIL-2 + fIFN-γ + fGM-CSF	FSA	Iron oxide PEI-complexed plasmid enhanced by magnetofection	In vivo − i.t./; +SX	( = 21) dose escalation and safety. Maximal dose of plasmids (450 μg each) was well tolerated. Maximal effects expected at 150 μg	Jahnke et al., 2007 [52]
5	fGM-CSF	FSA	Iron oxide PEI-complexed plasmid enhanced by magnetofection	In vivo − i.t./; +SX	( = 20) ( = 25) dose escalation and safety. Maximal dose of plasmid (1250 μg) was well tolerated. 10 recurrence free after 360 d.	Hüttinger et al., 2008 [53]

hIL-2, human interleukin-2; fIL-12, feline interleukin-12; fIL-2, feline interleukin-2; fIFN-γ, feline interferon-γ; fGM-CSF, feline granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor; FSA, fibrosarcoma; i.t., intratumoral; p.t., peritumoral; HT, hyperthermia; RX, radiotherapy; SX, surgical excision; d, days.