Trajectory-Based Morphological Operators: A Model for Efficient Image Processing

<table>Analysis of segments <svg height="15.5375" id="M110" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.6125 15.5375" width="14.6125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.4)"><path d="M457 488l-30 -3q-17 148 -131 148q-53 0 -84.5 -34.5t-31.5 -82.5q0 -42 25.5 -72t74.5 -62l33 -22q63 -42 95 -85t32 -102q0 -84 -67 -137t-163 -53q-58 0 -113 22t-70 43l-4 152l27 4q4 -32 15 -62.5t31 -59.5t53.5 -47t76.5 -18q56 0 92 35t36 96q0 39 -25 70t-78 68
l-31 22q-32 23 -53.5 41.5t-45 57t-23.5 77.5q0 82 58 132.5t156 50.5q46 0 101 -17l18.5 -6t17 -6t8.5 -3q-4 -55 0 -147z" id="x1D446"></path></g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,8.225,15.475)"><path d="M384 0h-275v27q67 5 81.5 18.5t14.5 68.5v385q0 38 -7.5 47.5t-40.5 10.5l-48 2v24q85 15 178 52v-521q0 -55 14.5 -68.5t82.5 -18.5v-27z" id="x31"></path></g>
</svg> and <svg height="15.5375" id="M111" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.6125 15.5375" width="14.6125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.4)"><path d="M457 488l-30 -3q-17 148 -131 148q-53 0 -84.5 -34.5t-31.5 -82.5q0 -42 25.5 -72t74.5 -62l33 -22q63 -42 95 -85t32 -102q0 -84 -67 -137t-163 -53q-58 0 -113 22t-70 43l-4 152l27 4q4 -32 15 -62.5t31 -59.5t53.5 -47t76.5 -18q56 0 92 35t36 96q0 39 -25 70t-78 68
l-31 22q-32 23 -53.5 41.5t-45 57t-23.5 77.5q0 82 58 132.5t156 50.5q46 0 101 -17l18.5 -6t17 -6t8.5 -3q-4 -55 0 -147z" id="x1D446"></path></g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,8.225,15.475)"><path d="M412 140l28 -9q0 -2 -35 -131h-373v23q112 112 161 170q59 70 92 127t33 115q0 63 -31 98t-86 35q-75 0 -137 -93l-22 20l57 81q55 59 135 59q69 0 118.5 -46.5t49.5 -122.5q0 -62 -29.5 -114t-102.5 -130l-141 -149h186q42 0 58.5 10.5t38.5 56.5z" id="x32"></path></g>
</svg> of a five-segment shape <svg height="11.75" id="M112" style="vertical-align:-0.15048pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.1125 11.75" width="12.1125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.4)"><path d="M682 629q-1 -16 -1.5 -72t-2.5 -86l-31 -4q-5 92 -51 129t-139 37q-100 0 -177 -49t-116 -125t-39 -162q0 -122 66 -201t182 -79q83 0 137 42.5t112 128.5l26 -15q-12 -31 -42.5 -88t-45.5 -75q-139 -27 -199 -27q-148 0 -243 81.5t-95 226.5q0 173 129.5 274.5
t325.5 101.5q114 0 204 -38z" id="x1D436"></path></g>
</svg>. Dark-grey SE positions are discarded due to shape collision. Note that discontinuity at <svg height="14.0375" id="M113" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.4375 14.0375" width="17.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,8.863)"><path d="M570 304q0 -108 -87 -199q-40 -42 -94.5 -74t-105.5 -43q-41 0 -65 11l-29 -141q-9 -45 -1.5 -58t45.5 -16l26 -2l-5 -29l-241 -10l4 26q51 10 67.5 24t26.5 60l113 520q-54 -20 -89 -41l-7 26q38 28 105 53l11 49q20 25 77 58l8 -7l-17 -77q39 14 102 14q82 0 119 -36
t37 -108zM482 289q0 114 -113 114q-26 0 -66 -7l-70 -327q12 -14 32 -25t39 -11q59 0 118.5 81.5t59.5 174.5z" id="x1D45D"></path></g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,10.138,13.838)"><path d="M530 686q-79 -330 -126 -595q-5 -24 4 -24q22 0 77 53l16 -24q-42 -49 -88 -78.5t-72 -29.5q-37 0 -19 83l21 99h-2q-62 -83 -153 -141q-65 -41 -97 -41q-28 0 -48 31.5t-20 91.5q0 71 32.5 144t88.5 118q36 30 94 52.5t94 22.5q38 0 68 -13l29 158q7 40 2 47.5t-38 7.5
h-35l1 26q39 4 76 13.5t58.5 17t27.5 7.5q16 0 9 -26zM387 375q-11 11 -38.5 20t-51.5 9q-45 0 -79 -23q-46 -32 -77.5 -107.5t-31.5 -143.5q0 -40 9.5 -58.5t23.5 -18.5q40 0 113.5 70t99.5 118z" id="x1D451"></path></g>
</svg> is solved by a vector swept generation.</table>

The Scientific World Journal

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Figure 5

Figure 5: Trajectory-Based Morphological Operators: A Model for Efficient Image Processing 