Consequences of Physical Disturbance by Tadpoles and Snails on Chironomid Larvae
Table 2
The results of 3-way factorial ANOVA on the effects of non-predators on the tube length per quadrat ( cm2) when the non-predators were present as separately as individual species.
(a)
Source of variation
Sum of squares
df
Mean square
-value
Non-predator species (SP)
119725
2
59862.30
44.93
0.00
Density (DEN)
2288.1
2
1144.05
0.86
0.42
AREA (QUAD)
59067
11
5369.70
4.03
0.00
10044
4
2511.11
1.88
0.11
31371
22
1425.94
1.07
0.37
10645
22
483.87
0.36
1.00
38184
44
867.82
0.65
0.96
Error
863371
648
1332.36
Total
1134695.1
755
SP.: species, QUAD: quadrat.
(b) Multiple comparisons between non-predator species. The Tukey HSD with standard error 3.252; df = 251,2
SP ()
SP ()
Mean difference
Significance
B
T
−30.44
0.001
B
TH
−19.44
0.001
T
TH
10.99
0.002
(c) Multiple Comparisons between densities of non-predator species. The Tukey HSD with standard error 3.251817, df = 252,2
SP ()
SP ()
Mean difference
Significance
2
4
0.00
1.00
2
8
−3.69
0.49
4
8
−3.69
0.49
T: tadpoles; B: B. bengalensis; TH: T. tuberculata.
