Mental Health of Adults Treated in Adolescence with Scoliosis-Specific Exercise Program or Observed for Idiopathic Scoliosis

Table 3

BDI and GHQ-28 scores—intergroup and intragroup comparisons.

Measures and domains	Total group (𝑛=144)	Unaffected (𝑛=76)	Scoliotic (𝑛=68)	P	Scoliotic		P
					11–24° Cobb (𝑛=62)	25–40° Cobb (𝑛=6)
BD
Total score	4.56±5.31 (0–36), 3	4.68±5.89  (0–36), 3	4.43/3/4.60/0–15	.77	4.45±4.57 (0–13), 3	4.17±5.46 (0–10), 1.5	.95
Symptoms (n (%))
Minimum	88 (61)	51 (67)	37 (54)	<.01*	33 (53)	4 (67)	<.05*
Mild	48 (33)	18 (24)	30 (44)		28 (45)	2 (33)
Moderate	6 (4)	6 (8)	0		0	0
Severe	2 (1)	1 (1)	1 (1)		1 (2)	0
>10-point threshold	18 (13)	11 (14)	7 (10)	—	6 (10)	1 (17)	—
GHQ-28
A: somatic symptoms	5.36±2.64  (0–13), 5	5.32±2.70  (0–13), 5	5.41±2.59  (0–11), 5	.82	5.48±2.55 (1–11), 5	4.67±3.14  (0–9), 4.5	.75
B: anxiety, insomnia	4.95±3.74  (0–17), 4	4.91±3.99  (0–16), 4	5.00±3.46 (0–17), 5	.88	5.00±3.46 (0–17), 5	5.00±3.74  (0–10), 5	.99
C: functional disorders, social dysfunction	6.83±1.98 (0–14), 7	6.95±2.08 (0–14), 7	6.69±1.87 (1–13), 7	.44	6.73±1.93 (1–13), 7	6.33±1.03  (5–7), 7	.67
D: depressive symptoms	1.09±2.19 (0–14), 0	1.01±2.14 (0–13), 0	1.18±2.26 (0–14), 0	.65	1.01±2.14 (0–16), 0	1.13±2.33  (0–3), 0	.77
Total score (A + B + C + D)	18.01±8.65 (0–56), 16	18.01±9.26 (0–54), 16	18.01±7.98 (0–56), 17.5	.99	18.05±8.15  (4–56), 18	17.67±6.62  (11–21), 16.5	.99

Data for BDI total scores and GHQ-28 are presented as mean ± SD (range), median.
BDI depressive symptoms: minimum (0–4 pts), mild (5–13 pts), moderate (14–20 pts), and severe (≥21 pts).
∗Significant difference.