Dissolved Concentrations, Sources, and Risk Evaluation of Selected Metals in Surface Water from Mangla Lake, Pakistan

Table 5

Comparison of mean concentrations of selected metals of the present study with some other studies.

Water body	Ca	Cd	Co	Cr	Cu	Fe	K	Li	Mg	Mn	Na	Ni	Pb	Sr	Zn	Reference
Pandoh Lake, India (monsoon)	10.7	—	—	—	—	—	1.87	—	2.45	—	2.1	—	—	—	—	[32]
Pandoh Lake, India (winter)	24.43	—	—	—	—	—	2.46	—	6.32	—	5.51	—	—	—	—	[32]
Pandoh Lake, India (summer)	7.99						1.91	—	1.17		3.87			—	—	[32]
Wielkie Lake, W. Poland	82	7.81	13.4	5.69	5.46	110	6.9	—	15.9	4.09	—	10.7	76.5	—	—	[33]
Boszkowo Lake, W. Poland	108	11.14	24.7	7.25	5.63	180	7.2	—	15.1	2.86	—	11.2	61.2	—	—	[33]
Domimickie Lake, W. Poland	51	8.47	14.3	5.87	3.93	140	2.9	—	16.3	3.23	—	9.0	63..4	—	—	[33]
Lake Beysehir, Turkey	—	0.11	—	0.086	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.028	—	—	[34]
Manchar Lake, Pakistan	70.7	0.001	0.004		0.0089	0.012	17.6	—	56.2		521.5	0.0043	0.009	—	0.0157	[38]
Watland of Wadi Gaza (summer)	136	0.006	0.043	0.065	0.004	0.382		—	89	0.423	678		0.012	—	0.082	[39]
Watland of Wadi Gaza (winter)	102.9	0.0016	0.023	0.0206	0.0165	0.0091		—	65.7	0.267	124		0.0408	—	0.15	[39]
Karanja Reservoir, India	—	—	—	—	0.211	0.585	—	—	—	0.225	—	0.778	1.103	—	0.2103	[40]
Sapanca Lake, Turkey		0.003		0.062	0.018			—		0.023		0.046	0.036	—	0.089	[41]
Bellandur Lake, India		0.0007		0.006	0.012	1.09		—				0.003	0.009	—	0.132	[42]
Lalbagh Tank, India				0.0001	0.001	0.166		—				0.001	0.0004	—	0.043	[43]
Mangla Lake, Pakistan (summer)	43	0.03	0.25	0.08	0.02	0.15	1.3	0.01	3.4	0.01	2.4	0.13	0.38	0.19	0.03	Present study
Mangla Lake, Pakistan (winter)	79	0.03	0.16	0.07	0.02	0.13	1.3	0.01	4.9	0.02	6.8	0.11	0.34	0.22	0.03	Present study