[Retracted] Differential Evolution Algorithm with Diversified Vicinity Operator for Optimal Routing and Clustering of Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks

Table 1

Various methods for experiment and their Parameter settings.

Method	Remarks	Parameter settings
GA	Simple [3]	Pop = 100, CR = 0.8, MR = 0.01
PSO	Simple [1]	Pop = 100, = 0.4, = 0.9
DE – 1	Rand/1	Pop = 100, CR = 0.8,
DE – 2	Best/1	Pop = 100, CR = 0.8,
DE – 3	Current-to-rand/1	Pop = 100, CR = 0.8,
DE – 4	Current-to-best/1	Pop = 100, CR = 0.8,
ImpDE	Proposed method	Pop = 100, CR = 0.8,