The Scientific World Journal

Research Article

Change of Mandibular Position during Two-Phase Orthodontic Treatment of Skeletal Class II in the Chinese Population

Table 3

(a) Dentofacial changes of the study sample () during the first phase (T0-T1), second phase (T1-T2) and combined phases (T0–T2). (b) Dentofacial changes of the three subgroups () during the first phase (T0-T1), second phase (T1-T2), and combined phases (T0–T2).

(a)


Variables	T0-T1		T1-T2		T0–T2
Variables	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD

Sagittal
Overjet (mm)	−9.1^***	3.96	3.3^***	3.00	−5.9^***	3.10
Wits appraisal (mm)	−7.9^***	3.51	4.5^***	2.93	−3.4^***	3.57
Maxillary prognathism
OLp-A (mm)	2.2^***	1.94	0.7^*	1.60	2.9^***	2.08
SNA (°)	0.5	1.94	−0.6	2.00	−0.1	2.27
Mandibular prognathism
OLp-Pg (mm)	6.8^***	3.44	0.4	2.79	7.2^***	4.67
OLp-B (mm)	6.6^***	3.18	−0.2	2.59	6.4^***	4.22
Ar-Gn	8.0^***	2.71	1.9^***	1.66	9.9^***	3.83
SNB (°)	2.6^***	1.57	−0.6	1.66	2.0^***	2.38
Jaw base relationship
A-Pg (mm)	−4.5^***	3.03	0.3	2.51	−4.2^***	3.57
ANB (°)	−2.1^***	1.66	0.0	1.47	−2.1^***	1.73
Maxillary incisor
OLp-is-OLp-A (mm)	−1.0	3.97	0.0	2.51	−1.0	4.19
Mandibular incisor
OLp-ii-OLp-Pg (mm)	3.6^***	2.85	−3.0^***	2.97	0.5	3.59
Maxillary molar
OLp-ms-OLp-A (mm)	−2.9^***	2.04	4.0^***	3.41	1.1	3.20
Mandibular molar
OLp-mi-OLp-Pg (mm)	3.2^***	1.93	−1.0	2.71	2.2^*	3.35
Molar relationship
ms-mi (mm)	−10.7^***	2.45	5.2^***	2.13	−5.5^***	2.43
Vertical
Overbite (mm)	−3.3^***	2.26	1.1^***	1.49	−2.2^**	2.64
Upper face height
N-NL (mm)	2.5^***	0.51	1.1^***	1.59	3.5^***	2.60
Lower face height
NL-Me (mm)	5.6^***	2.07	1.6^***	1.89	7.2^***	2.65
Total face height
NSL-Me (mm)	8.6^***	2.59	2.6^***	2.40	11.2^***	3.94
Incisor position
is-NL (mm)	2.4^***	2.20	0.9^***	0.91	3.2^***	2.37
ii-ML (mm)	−0.5	2.30	1.4^***	1.90	0.9	2.41
Molar position
msc-NL (mm)	−0.6	1.60	2.9^***	1.68	2.3^***	1.97
mic-ML (mm)	2.6^***	1.27	2.0^***	1.43	4.6^***	1.85
Rotational changes
NL/NSL (°)	0.0	2.31	−0.4	2.12	−0.4	2.89
ML/NSL (°)	−0.7	1.90	−0.4	2.05	−1.1	2.49

SD: standard deviation.
.

(b)


	T0-T1						T1-T2						T0–T2
Variables	Positive growth		Stable growth		Negative growth		Positive growth		Stable growth		Negative growth		Positive growth		Stable growth		Negative growth
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD

Sagittal
Overjet (mm)	−9.3^***	3.10	−7.6^**	4.10	−10.5^***	4.38	3.3	3.98	2.8^*	1.91	3.8^*	2.96	−6.0^***	2.51	−4.8^*	3.29	−6.7^**	3.44
Wits appraisal (mm)	−7.6^***	3.42	−7.3^***	2.61	−8.7^**	4.46	3.3	3.31	4.5^**	2.28	5.6^**	2.94	−4.3^*	3.23	−2.9	2.89	−3.2	4.58
Maxillary prognathism
OLp-A (mm)	2.6	2.21	1.8	1.99	2.3^*	1.72	1.3	1.22	0.9	1.84	−0.2	1.40	3.8^**	2.23	2.7^*	1.61	2.1	2.13
SNA (°)	0.6	2.29	0.3	2.23	0.6	1.39	−0.2	1.67	−0.4	1.84	−1.4	2.42	0.4	2.73	0.0	1.77	−0.7	2.31
Mandibular prognathism
OLp-Pg (mm)	7.1^***	3.08	6.1^**	3.06	7.1^***	4.31	3.5^**	2.04	0.2	0.67	−2.4^**	1.08	10.5^***	4.55	6.3^**	3.23	4.7	4.36
OLp-B (mm)	7.0^***	2.57	5.8^**	3.07	7.0^**	3.94	2.3	1.94	0.0	0.57	−3.0^**	1.54	9.2^***	4.11	5.8^**	3.19	4.1	3.89
Ar-Gn	8.5^***	3.53	7.7^***	2.29	7.8^***	2.32	2.9^**	1.69	1.6^**	0.86	1.1	1.81	11.5^***	4.88	9.3^***	2.69	8.9^***	3.45
SNB (°)	2.8^**	1.69	2.2^**	1.26	2.8^*	1.80	0.6	1.72	−0.5	0.92	−1.8^*	1.37	3.4	2.78	1.7^*	1.06	1.0	2.46
Jaw base relationship
A-Pg (mm)	−4.5^**	2.73	−4.4^**	2.29	−4.8	4.13	−2.2	2.20	0.7	1.57	2.2^*	1.41	−6.7^**	3.22	−3.6^*	2.44	−2.6	3.69
ANB (°)	−2.2^*	1.70	−1.9^*	1.36	−2.2	1.99	−0.8	1.32	0.2	1.58	0.5	1.35	−3.0^**	1.43	−1.7	1.45	−1.8	2.05
Maxillary incisor
OLp-is-OLp-A (mm)	−1.1	2.27	−0.1	5.33	−1.8	3.95	−0.2	3.03	0.2	2.12	0.0	2.56	−1.3	4.69	0.0	4.67	−1.8	3.32
Mandibular incisor
OLp-ii-OLp-Pg (mm)	3.7	3.64	3.1^*	2.10	3.9^*	2.84	−5.6^**	3.22	−1.9	1.73	−1.6	2.00	−1.9	3.74	1.2	2.64	2.3	3.18
Maxillary molar
OLp-ms-OLp-A (mm)	−2.6^*	1.72	−3.0^**	1.69	−3.1	2.73	5.5^**	3.19	2.6	2.08	3.8	4.26	2.9	3.72	−0.4	2.09	0.7	2.93
Mandibular molar
OLp-mi-OLp-Pg (mm)	3.1^**	1.34	3.4^**	1.34	3.2	2.91	−1.8	3.28	−1.1	2.21	−0.1	2.52	1.3	4.12	2.3	2.06	3.1	3.60
Molar relationship
ms-mi (mm)	−10.2^***	1.70	−10.7^***	2.58	−11.2^***	3.03	5.1^***	1.86	4.4^**	1.14	6.2^***	2.84	−5.1^***	1.97	−6.4^***	2.49	−5.0^***	2.79
Vertical
Overbite (mm)	−3.8^**	2.33	−3.4^*	2.54	−2.5^*	1.88	0.8^*	1.84	1.3^***	0.58	1.2	1.82	−3.1^*	2.04	−2.2	2.92	−1.3	2.84
Upper face height
N-NL (mm)	2.9^**	1.85	2.6	2.46	1.9	1.65	0.9	1.91	1.1	1.51	1.2	1.48	3.8	3.24	3.8^**	2.20	3.1^*	2.48
Lower face height
NL-Me (mm)	6.0^***	2.47	5.3^***	1.90	5.3^***	1.95	2.2^***	2.46	1.2^*	1.01	1.5	1.98	8.2^***	3.51	6.5^***	1.74	6.9^***	2.37
Total face height
NSL-Me (mm)	9.3^***	3.29	8.6^***	2.52	7.9^***	1.80	3.6^***	2.91	2.2^*	1.65	2.2	2.45	12.9^***	4.91	10.8^***	3.06	10.0^***	3.42
Incisor position
is-NL (mm)	2.0	2.23	2.2	2.45	2.9^*	2.02	0.8	0.75	0.5	1.08	1.2^*	0.85	2.8	2.75	2.8^*	2.07	4.1^**	2.21
ii-ML (mm)	−0.5	2.51	−0.6	1.46	−0.4	2.92	1.3	2.58	1.5^*	1.12	1.3	1.94	0.8	2.89	0.9	1.20	0.9	2.99
Molar position
msc-NL (mm)	0.2	1.47	−0.8	1.10	−1.2	1.94	3.3^***	1.48	2.0^*	1.38	3.4^**	1.96	3.5^***	1.49	1.3^*	1.03	2.2	2.53
mic-ML (mm)	2.9^**	1.79	2.6^***	0.57	2.4^**	1.25	1.8^**	1.52	2.1^**	1.11	2.0^*	1.73	4.7^**	2.36	4.7^***	1.20	4.4^***	1.98
Molar position
NL/NSL (°)	0.7	2.43	0.0	2.71	−0.9	1.63	−1.5	2.54	−0.2	1.73	0.6	1.63	−0.8	3.71	−0.2	2.68	−0.3	2.39
ML/NSL (°)	−0.3	1.79	−0.7	1.68	−1.2	2.26	−1.5	2.26	−0.4	1.45	0.8	1.86	−1.8	2.94	−1.1	2.06	−0.4	2.47

SD: standard deviation.
.