Variations in Hormones and Antioxidant Status in Relation to Flowering in Early, Mid, and Late Varieties of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) of United Arab Emirates
Table 1
Variation in hormone concentrations at different stages of growth in the early, mid, and late varieties of date palm.
Variety
Growth stage
GA (μg/g)
IAA (μg/g)
Zeatin (μg/g)
ABA (μg/g)
Early flowering (Nagal)
Preflowering
32.57 ± 2.4a
1.59 ± 0.15a
6.93 ± 0.74b
1.30 ± 0.17a
Flowering
30.28 ± 2.5b
0.72 ± 0.08b
5.12 ± 0.63b
0.90 ± 0.09b
Postflowering
31.24 ± 3.5a
0.97 ± 0.12a
7.24 ± 0.58a
0.89 ± 0.16b
Mid flowering (Khalas)
Preflowering
19.60 ± 1.9c
1.77 ± 0.15a
5.64 ± 0.52a
1.97 ± 0.21a
Flowering
24.58 ± 2.2b
1.01 ± 0.16b
4.52 ± 0.84b
1.25 ± 0.15b
Postflowering
28.52 ± 2.6a
1.82 ± 0.17a
4.85 ± 0.65a
1.45 ± 0.22b
Late flowering (Lulu)
Preflowering
15.33 ± 1.9c
0.05 ± 0.02c
2.79 ± 0.43a
0.63 ± 0.11a
Flowering
21.06 ± 2.0b
0.13 ± 0.03b
1.88 ± 0.38b
0.92 ± 0.17a
Postflowering
23.12 ± 2.3a
0.21 ± 0.02a
2.30 ± 0.41a
0.62 ± 0.14a
GA: gibberellic acid, IAA: indole acetic acid, and ABA: abscisic acid. Values are means of 3 replications in each variety. Means with different letters in the same variety indicate significantly different values at < 0.05.