Economic Development Perspective and City Leadership

Table 5

Economic development perspective and city leader professionalism.

			Nontraditional
	Equation 1		Equation 2		Equation 3		Equation 4
	Traditional	(𝛽)	Quality of Life	(𝛽)	Regional	(𝛽)	Planning	(𝛽)
Private X	0.06	.248	−0.02	−.055	0.04	.117	−0.04	−.067
Professionalism	(0.04)		(0.05)		(0.06)		(0.08)
Appointed X	0.03	.140	0.00	.011	−0.05	−.115	0.02	.038
Professionalism	(0.04)		(0.05)		(0.07)		(0.09)
Private	−1.05**	−.316	0.10	.024	0.88	.157	−1.11**	−.145
	(0.48)		(0.62)		(0.80)		(1.13)
Appointed	−0.19	−.067	−0.39	−.102	0.43	.086	−1.11	−.160
	(0.47)		(0.62)		(0.78)		(1.10)
Professionalism	−0.19	−.890	0.50	1.899	−0.23	−.672	−0.77	−1.591
	(0.28)		(0.35)		(0.45)		(0.63)
Years in Office	0.13	−.632	−0.47	−1.754	0.29	.816	0.82	1.684
	(0.28)		(0.34)		(0.44)		(0.63)
Less than Bachelors	−0.19	−.056	1.19	.280	−0.06	−.011	−2.27	−.290
	(0.63)		(0.78)		(1.01)		(1.42)
Greater than Bachelors	0.34	.116	−0.24	−.065	0.61	.125	0.70	.105
	(0.40)		(0.50)		(0.65)		(0.90)
Metro	0.22	.072	0.41	.108	−0.01	−.003	0.34	.048
	(0.23)		(0.29)		(0.37)		(0.52)
Council-Manager	−0.15	−.031	−0.01	−.002	0.49	.064	0.17	.016
	(0.35)		(0.44)		(0.58)		(0.80)
Population	−1.02𝑒−6	−.091	−6.09𝑒−7	−.043	−5.64𝑒−7	−0.30	2.75𝑒−6	.105
	(8.71𝑒−6)		(1.11𝑒−6)		(1.44𝑒−6)		(2.02𝑒−6)
Constant	37.77***		3.37***		4.18***		10.87***
	(2.32)		(1.50)		(1.94)		(2.73)
N	191		193		191		195
Adj. 𝑅^2	.025		.001		.049		.014
Prob > F	.155		.432		.042		.252

*** 𝑃<.01, **𝑃<.05, *𝑃<.10; Standard Errors in Parentheses.
Private = Chamber; Appointed = Manager + EDC; Professionalism = no. Years in Office + Level of Education.