Approaching Neighborhood Democracy from a Longitudinal Perspective: An Eighteen-Year Case Study of a Homeowner Association in Beijing

Table 4

Income and expense statements (1998 and 2008).

Item	1998 Jan. to Jun. (USD)	2008 Jan. to Jun. in 1998 value (RMB)	Change in percentage (%)
Income from property management fees	316,800.50	235,352.96	−25.7
General services*	124,897.65	221,075.63	77.0
Administration costs	57,417.81	9,014.62	−84.3
Utility fees	50,301.00	18,572.22	−63.1
Security	31,662.65	58,985.92	86.3
Maintenance	7,316.33	5,950.36	−18.7
Satellite television fees	8,129.16	13,627.04	67.6
Taxes and other government fees	73,838.93	11,767.65	−84.1
Insurance	12,500.63	1,155.32	−90.8
Other expenses	12,500.63	4,946.53	−31.6
Depreciation	32,913.76	1,222.15	−96.3
Total	406,214.04	346,317.43	−14.7
Deficit	89,413.54	110,964.47	24.1

Source: Author's compilation using data from PMB and Yinda Management. Inflation data from the World Bank.
*General services include garbage removal, gardening, management, and shuttle service.