Human Capital, Skills, and Uneven Intraurban Employment Growth: The Case of Göteborg, Sweden, 1990–2008

Table 2

Variable definitions and descriptive statistics. All variables are measured in year 1990 if not stated otherwise.

Variable	Definition	Mean	Std. Dev.	Min	Max
Dependent variables
Emp9093	Employment change (%) in 1990–93 (log)	−0.16	0.19	−1.25	0.87
Emp9000	Employment change (%) in 1990–00 (log)	−0.10	0.51	−1.89	1.00
Emp9008	Employment change (%) in 1990–08 (log)	0.09	0.51	−1.49	2.22
Human capital
HumanCap	Share (%) of workers with at least bachelor’s degree (log)	−1.33	0.34	−2.81	−0.63
SkillCompLQ	Concentration of creative workers compared to city (LQ)	1.04	0.44	0.32	2.62
SkillCompLQ2	Concentration of creative workers compared to city (LQ), squared	1.26	1.26	0.10	6.88
Controllers
EmpLog	Total number of people employed in area in 1990 (log)	8.56	1.01	4.53	10.13
PopLog	Total number of people resident in area in 1990 (log)	8.21	1.10	2.94	9.19
EIncGrowth9093	Change (%) in mean income of employed people in area 1990–93	0.99	0.06	0.81	1.49
PIncGrowth9093	Change (%) in mean income of residents in area 1990–93	0.87	0.08	0.57	1.09
EIncGrowth9000	Change (%) in mean income of employed people in area 1990–00	1.20	0.09	0.86	1.49
PIncGrowth9000	Change (%) in mean income of residents in area 1990–00	1.13	0.17	0.60	1.46
EIncGrowth9008	Change (%) in mean income of employed people in area 1990–08	1.36	0.17	0.84	1.83
PIncGrowth9000	Change (%) in mean income of residents in area 1990–08	1.26	0.24	0.23	1.70
LQ_KM	Concentration of knowledge intensive manufacturing (LQ)	0.85	1.36	0.00	5.36
LQ_LM	Concentration of labour intensive manufacturing (LQ)	0.99	1.57	0.00	8.35
LQ_BS	Concentration of business related services (LQ)	1.13	1.07	0.00	6.10
LQ_LS	Concentration of labour intensive services (LQ)	1.02	0.53	0.08	2.54
PlantCompLog	Number of employees per plant (log)	3.23	0.75	1.34	6.61