Local Biasing and the Use of Nullator-Norator Pairs in Analog Circuits Designs

Table 2

Bias design specs and fixator-norators.

Critical specs	Fixator representations	Norator representations
$I_{C1}$ = 0.1 mA	Fx(0, 0.1 mA)	$R_f$
$V_{CE2}$ = 0.67 V	Fx(0.67 V, 0)	$V_{B2}$
$I_{C2}$ = 0.5 mA	Fx(0, 0.5 mA)	$I_E$
$V_{CE3}$ = 2.2 V	Fx(2.2 V, 0)	$I_{S3}$
$I_{C3}$ = 3.6 mA	Fx(0, 3.6 mA)	$I_{S2}$