Determining Factors and Zootechnical Output of Biosecurity Practices in Fish Farms in the Wouri Division, Cameroon
Table 7
Distribution of the compliance rate in relation to the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of fish farmers in the Wouri division, Cameroon.
Characteristics
Modalities
Compliance rate (mean±standard deviation) of biosecurity components
U
Isolation
Traffic control
Sanitation
Total
Age groups (years)
[18–40]
60.54 ± 22.09
50.79 ± 29.10
36.05 ± 17.85
45.24 ± 14.75
60.50
0.015
>40
59.52 ± 15.92
58.33 ± 20.72
13.09 ± 13.56
32.29 ± 10.83
Sex
Male
60.83 ± 19.51
52.69 ± 25.50
28.11 ± 19.94
40.86 ± 14.33
—
—
Female
50.00 ± 30.31
66.67 ± 47.14
21.43 ± 20.20
35.42 ± 26.52
Marital status
Married
64.29 ± 15.69
55.56 ± 25.57
19.44 ± 16.94
37.04 ± 12.93
77.50
0.067
Single
57.14 ± 23.10
52.38 ± 28.39
39.79 ± 17.20
46.73 ± 14.54
Widow (er)
28.57 ± 0
33.33 ± 0
7.14 ± 0
16.67 ± 0
—
—
Level of education
Secondary
50.00 ± 15.27
41.67 ± 29.55
17.86 ± 17.50
30.21 ± 10.21
45.50
0.022
Higher
63.43 ± 20.24
57.33 ± 24.57
30.85 ± 19.64
43.83 ± 14.44
Training received in fish farming
Yes
57.14 ± 25.42
53.85 ± 28.99
41.21 ± 14.91
47.44 ± 14.39
69.00
0.025
No
62.14 ± 15.56
53.33 ± 25.13
18.93 ± 17.54
36.04 ± 13.40
Training place in fish farming
ISH1
54.76 ± 27.73
66.67 ± 29.82
42.86 ± 9.04
49.31 ± 13.55
4.00
0.243
Elsewhere
47.62 ± 8.25
55.56 ± 19.25
23.81 ± 14.87
34.72 ± 12.03
Longevity of the farm (years)
(0–5)
60.59 ± 19.71
54.02 ± 25.84
29.06 ± 20.47
41.52 ± 14.92
41.50
0.038
>5
57.14 ± 23.33
50.00 ± 33.34
17.86 ± 9.22
33.33 ± 12.26
Main occupation
Fish farmer
54.94 ± 20.90
56.41 ± 34.39
36.26 ± 16.36
44.23 ± 11.10
F = 1.78
0.189
Crop and livestock producer
57.14 ± 40.40
33.33 ± 0
10.71 ± 5.05
27.09 ± 14.73
Others
62.24 ± 18.25
52.38 ± 17.12
19.90 ± 21.18
36.61 ± 16.52
Land acquisition method
Purchase
63.16 ± 19.23
49.12 ± 25.75
24.06 ± 19.23
38.60 ± 15.52
F = 1.03
0.369
Inheritance
61.90 ± 20.20
70.37 ± 26.06
33.33 ± 20.82
46.76 ± 14.55
Renting
50.00 ± 18.44
41.67 ± 16.67
30.36 ± 23.60
37.50 ± 11.29
Donation
28.57 ± 0
33.33 ± 0
35.71 ± 0
33.00 ± 0
—
—
Constraints related to biosecurity practice
Expensiveness2
59.40 ± 20.90
56.14 ± 29.51
37.22 ± 17.43
46.27 ± 15.14
F = 2.83
0.055
Negligence3
52.38 ± 29.74
44.44 ± 19.25
28.57 ± 12.37
37.50 ± 4.17
Ignorance4
54.29 ± 18.63
53.33 ± 29.82
14.28 ± 13.36
30.83 ± 12.71
2 + 3 + 4
71.43 ± 9.04
50.00 ± 18.26
8.33 ± 14.58
31.94 ± 10.43
Cost of biosecurity practice (USD/production cycle)
[(0–50)
64.93 ± 24.21
45.45 ± 22.48
34.41 ± 20.48
44.70 ± 15.38
F = 2.31
0.117
>50
54.76 ± 21.03
66.67 ± 36.51
39.28 ± 16.13
47.22 ± 11.98
Unknown
58.93 ± 16.39
54.17 ± 23.96
18.75 ± 16.68
35.16 ± 13.94
1: Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Douala, Cameroon; : significance level; : significant; U: Mann–Whitney test value; F: analysis of variance value; USD: United ; States dollars. Bold values are used to indicate the significant probability of the error i.e., when p is significant.
