Assessment of Constraints of Artificial Insemination Service in Smallholder Dairy Cattle Keepers in Kacha Bira District of Southern Ethiopia

Table 2

Association of AI services with the level of owner’s education.

Variables	Educational level	Degree level N (%)	Secondary level N (%)	Primary level N (%)	Illiterate N (%)	X^2	value
Insemination timing	Inseminate afternoon cow show estrus afternoon (wrong time)	15 (71.4%)	44 (73.3%)	77 (86.52)	24 (80.0%)	4.9933	0.172
	Inseminate in next day cow in estrus afternoon	6 (28.6%)	16 (26.7%)	12 (13.5%)	6 (20.0%)
	Inseminate morning cow show heat morning (wrong time)	16 (76.2%)	44 (73.3%)	76 (85.4%)	22 (73.3%)	4.0347	0.258
	Inseminate afternoon cow show heat in the morning	5 (23.8%)	16 (26.7%)	13 (14.6%)	82 (6.7%)
If the cow did not conceive to repeated insemination	Use AI again and again	7 (33.3%)	36 (40.5%)	34 (56%)	16 (53.3%)	5.8291	0.120
	Use NM	14 (66.7%)	53 (59.6%)	26 (43.3%)	14 (46.6%)
	No f (%)	3 (14.3%)	7 (11.7%)	17 (19.1%)	10 (33.3%)