Assessment of Constraints of Artificial Insemination Service in Smallholder Dairy Cattle Keepers in Kacha Bira District of Southern Ethiopia

Table 7

Estrus signs respondents used to take their cows for AI service.

Signs of estrus	Kebeles					Total respondents	X^2 value	value
	Ashera	Ketala	Mexoma	Gemesha	Eta
Bellowing	17 (41.5%)	23 (54.7%)	23 (57.5%)	22 (57.9%)	12 (30.8%)	98 (48.5%)	43.3102	0.002
Mounting on other cows	4 (9.8%)	5 (11.9%)	0 (0.0%)	5 (13.2%)	6 (15.4%)	20 (10.0%)
Vulval discharge	15 (36.6%)	7 (16.2%)	13 (32.5%)	5 (13.2%)	6 (15.4%)	46 (23.0%)
Inappetence	0 (0.0%)	2 (4.8%)	0 (0.0%)	1 (2.6%)	7 (18.0%)	10 (5.0%)
Milk reduction	2 (4.9%)	1 (2.4%)	4 (10.0%)	3 (7.9%)	5 (12.8%)	15 (7.5%)
Restlessness	3 (7.3%)	4 (9.5%)	0 (0.0%)	2 (5.3%)	3 (7.7%)	12 (6.0%)
Total	41	42	40	38	39	200