Implementation and Evaluation of an Intervention for Children in Afghanistan at Risk for Substance Use or Actively Using Psychoactive Substances

Table 3

Internal consistency reliability at residential treatment entry, estimated marginal means (), Standard Errors (SE), and sample sizes at outpatient assessment, residential treatment entry, residential treatment completion, and community follow-up for the older male sample ().

Evaluation Measure		Outpatient entry	Residential treatment entry	Residential treatment completion	Community follow-up
		(SE)	(SE)	(SE)	(SE)
Afghan Symptom Checklist (ASCL)	.96	61.4 (1.59)	51.6 (1.59)	25.5 (1.63)	27.4 (2.23)
Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20)	.93	15.9 (.56)	13.6 (.57)	1.8 (.58)	1.8 (.80)
Child Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)
Emotional Symptoms	.85	2.81 (.28)	4.5 (.28)	0.6 (.29)	1.3 (.37)
Conduct Problems	.92	2.6 (.32)	5.1 (.32)	0.4 (.33)	1.1 (.44)
Hyperactivity	.90	2.9 (31)	5.3 (.32)	0.5 (.32)	1.2 (.43)
Peer Problems	.78	2.6 (.26)	3.8 (.26)	2.0 (.26)	1.4 (.33)
Prosocial	.74	2.7 (.32)	2.6 (.32)	6.3 (.33)	0.8 (.44)
Total SDQ Score	.97	10.9 (1.10)	18.7 (1.11)	3.6 (1.13)	5.3 (1.46)
Quality of Life scale (QOL)
Physical Health	.93	19.2 (.57)	18.4 (.58)	8.3 (.59)	8.6 (.81)
Mental Health	.84	15.2 (.39)	13.6 (.39)	9.3 (.40)	8.2 (.55)
Friends	.82	14.1 (.38)	13.8 (.39)	10.5 (.40)	9.2 (.55)
Home	.72	6.9 (.27)	6.7 (.27)	7.3 (.28)	7.1 (.37)
Total QOL score	.92	55.4 (1.32)	52.1 (1.34)	35.3 (1.37)	32.9 (1.89)

Notes. α = Cronbach’s measure of internal consistency reliability, which was calculated at residential treatment entry. Theoretical range of scores—ASCL: 22–110; SRQ-20: 0–20; SDQ subscales: 0–10; SDQ Total scale: 0–50; QOL Physical Health subscale: 6–30; QOL Mental Health and Friends subscales: 5–25; QOL Home 4–20; QOL Total score: 20–100. For all measures except the SDQ Prosocial subscale, higher scores indicate greater problem severity in the area measured (for the SDQ Prosocial scale, higher scores indicate a more prosocial orientation). Sample sizes do not equal 84 because not all boys were given all measures at all times. Means that share the same superscript are not significantly different from each other using the Dunn-Sidak correction to conduct post hoc tests. Post hoc testing among the means was not conducted for the QOL Home subscale, as the test of the time effect was not significant for this outcome.