Research Article

Towards Support for Software Model Checking: Improving the Efficiency of Formal Specifications

Table 8

LTL formulas generated using the original Prospec's formulas.

Formulas

(1) ( ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) ) ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 ¬ ( ( ( ¬ 𝑝 ¬ 𝑝 𝑝 ¬ 𝑝 𝑝 𝑝 ) ( ( ¬ 𝑝 ¬ 𝑝 𝑝 ¬ 𝑝 𝑝 𝑝 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑝 𝑝 𝑝 𝑝 𝑝 𝑝 ) ) ) ) ) ) )

(2) ( ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) ) ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 ¬ ( ( 𝑝 ( ( ¬ 𝑝 𝑝 ) 𝑈 𝑝 𝑝 ) ) ) ) ) )

(3) ( ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) ) ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 ¬ ( ( 𝑝 𝑋 ( ¬ 𝑝 𝑝 𝑈 𝑝 𝑝 ) ) ) ) ) )

(4) ( ( ( ¬ ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) ) ) ( ( ¬ ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 )
𝑈 ( 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) ) 𝑈 ( ( ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( ( 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 ) ¬ ( 𝑝 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

(5) ( ( ( ¬ ( 𝑙 ( ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) 𝑈 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) ) ( ( ¬ ( 𝑙 ( ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) 𝑈 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) 𝑈 ( ( ( 𝑙 ( ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 𝑙 ¬ ( 𝑝 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

(6) ( ( ( ¬ ( 𝑙 𝑋 ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 𝑈 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) ) ( ( ¬ ( 𝑙 𝑋 ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 𝑈 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) U ( ( ( 𝑙 𝑋 ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 𝑈 ( 𝑙 𝑙 ¬ ( 𝑝 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

(7) ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 ( ( ( ¬ 𝑝 ¬ 𝑝 𝑝 ¬ 𝑝 𝑝 𝑝 ) ( ( ¬ 𝑝 ¬ 𝑝 𝑝 ¬ 𝑝 𝑝 𝑝 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑝 𝑝 𝑝 𝑝 𝑝 𝑝 ) ) ) ) ) ) )

(8) ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 ( ( 𝑝 ( ( ¬ 𝑝 𝑝 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑝 𝑝 ( ( ¬ 𝑝 𝑝 𝑝 ) 𝑈 𝑝 𝑝 𝑝 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

(9) ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 ( ( 𝑝 𝑋 ( ¬ 𝑝 𝑝 𝑈 ( 𝑝 𝑝 𝑋 ( ¬ 𝑝 𝑝 𝑝 𝑈 𝑝 𝑝 𝑝 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

(10) ( ( ¬ ( ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 ) ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) ) ) ( ( ¬ ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 )
( ( ¬ 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) ) 𝑈 ( ( ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 ) ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( ( 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 l ) 𝑝 ) ) ) ) ) ) )

(11) ( ( ¬ ( ( 𝑙 ( ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) 𝑈 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) ) ( ( ¬ ( 𝑙 ( ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) 𝑈 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) 𝑈 ( ( ( 𝑙 ( ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 𝑙 𝑝 ) ) ) ) ) ) )

(12) ( ( ¬ ( ( 𝑙 𝑋 ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 𝑈 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) ) ( ( ¬ ( 𝑙 𝑋 ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 𝑈 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) 𝑈 ( ( ( 𝑙 𝑋 ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 𝑈 ( 𝑙 𝑙 𝑝 ) ) ) ) ) ) )

(13) ( ( ( ¬ ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 ) ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) ) ) ( ( ¬ ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 ) ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 )
𝑈 ( 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) ) 𝑈 ( ( ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 ) ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( ( 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 ) 𝑝 ) ) ) ) ) ) )

(14) ( ( ( ¬ ( 𝑙 ( ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) 𝑈 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) ) ( ( ¬ ( 𝑙 ( ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) 𝑈 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) 𝑈 ( ( ( ( 𝑙 ( ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 𝑙 W 𝑝 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

(15) ( ( ( ¬ ( 𝑙 𝑋 ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 𝑈 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) ) ( ( ¬ ( 𝑙 𝑋 ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 𝑈 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) 𝑈 ( ( ( ( 𝑙 𝑋 ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 𝑈 ( 𝑙 𝑙 W 𝑝 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

(16) ( ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) ) ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 ( ( ( ( ( ¬ 𝑝 ) ( ¬ 𝑝 𝑝 ) ) ( ( ( ¬ 𝑝 ) ( ¬ 𝑝 𝑝 ) ) 𝑈 ( 𝑝 𝑝 𝑝 ) ) ) ( ( ( ¬ 𝑝 ) ( ¬ 𝑝 𝑝 ) )
( ( ( ¬ 𝑝 ) ( ¬ 𝑝 𝑝 ) ) 𝑈 ( 𝑝 𝑝 𝑝 𝑞 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

(17) ( ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) ) ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 ( ( ( 𝑝 ( ( ¬ 𝑝 𝑝 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑝 𝑝 ) ) ) ) ( 𝑝 ( ( ¬ 𝑝 𝑝 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑝 𝑝 𝑞 ) ) ) ) ) ) )

(18) ( ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) ) ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 ( ( ( 𝑝 𝑋 ( ( ¬ 𝑝 𝑝 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑝 𝑝 ) ) ) ) ( 𝑝 𝑋 ( ( ¬ 𝑝 𝑝 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑝 𝑝 𝑞 ) ) ) ) ) ) )

(19) ( ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) ) ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 ( 𝑝 ( ( ( ¬ 𝑞 ) ( ¬ 𝑞 𝑞 ) ) ( ( ( ¬ 𝑞 ) ( ¬ 𝑞 𝑞 ) ) 𝑈 ( 𝑞 𝑞 𝑞 ) ) ) ) ) ) )

(20) ( ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) ) ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 ( 𝑝 ( 𝑞 ( ( ¬ 𝑞 𝑞 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑞 𝑞 ( ( ¬ 𝑞 𝑞 𝑞 ) 𝑈 𝑞 𝑞 𝑞 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

(21) ( ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) ) ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 ( 𝑝 ( 𝑞 𝑋 ( ( ¬ 𝑞 𝑞 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑞 𝑞 𝑋 ( ( ¬ 𝑞 𝑞 𝑞 ) 𝑈 𝑞 𝑞 𝑞 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

(22) ( ( ( ¬ ( ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ( ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) ) ) ( ( ¬ ( ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ( ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) )
𝑈 ( ( ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ( ( ( ¬ 𝑙 ) ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 ( 𝑝 𝑞 ) ) ) ) ) ) )

(23) ( ( ( ¬ ( 𝑙 ( ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) ) ) ( ( ¬ ( 𝑙 ( ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) ) 𝑈 ( ( 𝑙 ( ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 𝑙 ( 𝑝 𝑞 ) ) ) ) ) ) )

(24) ( ( ( ¬ ( 𝑙 𝑋 ( ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) ) ) ( ( ¬ ( 𝑙 𝑋 ( ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 𝑙 ) ) ) ) 𝑈 ( ( 𝑙 𝑋 ( ( ¬ 𝑙 𝑙 ) 𝑈 ( 𝑙 𝑙 ( 𝑝 𝑞 ) ) ) ) ) ) )